Transforming the "Ghetto" - Strategic Planning in Distressed Social Housing Estates
Authors
Ahnfelt-Rønne, Anton ; Rønnov, David Gaarsdal
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2018
Submitted on
2018-06-08
Pages
132
Abstract
Udsatte almene boligområder, ofte omtalt som 'ghettoer' i den offentlige debat, er et aktuelt politisk tema i Danmark. Dette speciale undersøger, hvad det betyder, at kommuner i stigende grad bruger strategisk planlægning til at forbedre vilkårene i sådanne områder. Det ser også på, hvordan denne tilgang påvirker kommunens rolle som planmyndighed og de almene boligorganisationers rolle. Specialet bygger på et casestudie af Realdanias By i Balance-projekts aktuelle samarbejde med Høje-Taastrup Kommune og tre almene boligorganisationer. Empirien omfatter interviews, observationer af møder, stedanalyser og dokumentanalyser. Forfatterne beskriver, hvordan en strategisk udviklingsplan for tre udsatte boligområder bliver til. Processen analyseres med udgangspunkt i Patsy Healey’s teorier om strategisering i fire trin – en ramme for, hvordan aktører over tid opbygger fælles retning og handlinger – samt andre teoretiske begreber. Casestudiet viser, at der arbejdes med rammesætninger og fortællinger, som skal knytte de udsatte områder tættere til resten af byen. Specialet præsenterer desuden en kondenseret liste med anbefalinger til, hvordan strategisk planlægning fremover kan bruges i udsatte boligområder. Specialet konkluderer, at strategisk planlægning rummer potentiale for at skabe ambitiøse forandringsplaner, men at styring og koordinering af efterfølgende projekter og aktører kan være udfordrende. For at lykkes skal både kommunale byplanlæggere og boligorganisationer beherske netværksstyring og kunne facilitere samarbejde mellem kommune, boligorganisationer og andre strategiske partnere.
Distressed social housing estates, often called 'ghettos' in public debate, are a prominent political issue in Denmark. This thesis examines what it means when municipalities increasingly use strategic planning to improve conditions in these areas. It also explores how this approach affects the municipality’s role as planning authority and the role of social housing organizations. The thesis is based on a case study of Realdania’s By i Balance project and its current collaboration with Høje-Taastrup Municipality and three social housing organizations. The authors draw on interviews, observations of meetings, site analyses, and document analyses to describe how a strategic development plan for three distressed estates is formulated. The process is analyzed using Patsy Healey’s theories on strategisation in four steps—a framework for how actors build shared directions and actions over time—together with other theoretical concepts. Findings show that framings and narratives are actively created to connect the distressed estates more closely with the rest of the city. The thesis also offers a concise set of recommendations for future use of strategic planning in such estates. The thesis concludes that strategic planning holds promise for enabling ambitious transformation plans, but that managing and coordinating subsequent projects and actors is challenging. To succeed, both municipal urban planners and social housing organizations need skills in network governance and must be able to facilitate collaboration among the municipality, housing organizations, and other strategic partners.
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