Nord Stream 2 from the perspective of Visegrad group
Authors
Andil, Andrej ; Bella, Marek
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2016
Abstract
This thesis examines why the Visegrad Group (Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary) opposes the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. It asks whether their stance is driven mainly by security concerns, as suggested by Realism, or by economic interests and mutual dependence, as emphasized by Liberal Interdependence. The study uses a comparative reading of official statements and other authoritative sources and situates the case with an overview of Nord Stream’s history, the companies involved, the role of the EU, Russia’s energy policy, and alternative gas routes. Analysing each V4 country separately, the thesis finds that realist security arguments explain important parts of the opposition, but not all national positions—most notably in the Czech Republic. Overall, the pattern aligns more consistently with liberal interdependence: economic calculations and existing energy ties offer the more persuasive explanation of V4 attitudes toward Nord Stream 2, with security concerns present but uneven across members.
Dette speciale undersøger, hvorfor Visegrad-landene (Slovakiet, Tjekkiet, Polen og Ungarn) modsætter sig gasrørledningen Nord Stream 2. Det spørger, om deres holdning primært er drevet af sikkerhedshensyn, som Realismen antager, eller af økonomiske interesser og gensidig afhængighed, som Liberal Interdependens fremhæver. Studiet bygger på en komparativ gennemgang af officielle udtalelser og andre autoritative kilder og sætter sagen i kontekst med et overblik over Nord Streams historie, de involverede virksomheder, EU’s rolle, Ruslands energipolitik og alternative gasruter. Ved at analysere hvert V4-land særskilt finder specialet, at realistiske sikkerhedsargumenter forklarer væsentlige dele af modstanden, men ikke alle nationale positioner—særligt ikke i Tjekkiet. Samlet set stemmer mønsteret bedre overens med liberal interdependens: økonomiske kalkuler og eksisterende energibånd giver den mest overbevisende forklaring på V4’s holdninger til Nord Stream 2, mens sikkerhedshensyn er til stede, men ujævnt fordelt mellem medlemmerne.
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