DRI.M.FE.C.S: An in-vehicle feedback system for investigating the motivation of drivers to optimize their driving behaviour
Authors
Mentzelos, Christos ; Chatziloudis, Charalampos
Term
4. Term
Publication year
2018
Submitted on
2018-06-01
Pages
33
Abstract
Overforbrug af brændstof er udbredt blandt bilister, men mange eksisterende feedbacksystemer i biler fokuserer på hvad der skal ændres, snarere end hvorfor førere vil følge rådene. Denne afhandling undersøger, hvad der motiverer førere til at tage brændstofeffektive kørselsråd til sig, og hvordan disse motivationer relaterer sig til personlighed. Vi designede og implementerede DRIMFECS, et feedbacksystem i bilen, der indlejrer flere motivationelle strategier, og evaluerede det med førere i et feltstudie. Forud for dette gennemgik vi litteraturen om feedbackmodaliteter og motivation, kortlagde strategier i forhold til personlighedstyper, vurderede grænsefladevalg via en SWOT-analyse og itererede lav-fidelitetsprototyper og interviews for at afklare skærmens formfaktor og placering med fokus på minimal distraktion. Feltstudiet undersøgte, hvilke strategier førerne fandt motiverende, og om præferencer varierer efter personlighed under kørsel. Resultaterne viser, at personalisering, målsætning og forslag, belønning samt selvovervågning og feedback mest effektivt fik førerne til at justere deres adfærd, og at den enkeltes præferencer for strategier kan skifte i køresituationen sammenlignet med andre sammenhænge. Fundene peger på, at bredt acceptable motivationelle strategier kan motivere forskellige førere til at følge feedback, samtidig med at kontekstafhængige præferencer bør indtænkes i designet af in-car-systemer, der understøtter effektiv, mere miljøvenlig kørsel.
Excess fuel consumption is widespread among drivers, yet many in-vehicle feedback systems emphasize what to change rather than why drivers would heed the advice. This thesis investigates what motivates drivers to adopt fuel-efficient driving feedback and how these motivations relate to personality. We designed and implemented DRIMFECS, an in-vehicle feedback application that embeds several motivational strategies, and evaluated it with drivers in a field setting. To inform the design, we reviewed prior work on feedback modalities and motivation, mapped strategies to personality types, assessed interface options through a SWOT analysis, and iterated low-fidelity prototypes and interviews to refine screen form factor and placement with attention to minimizing distraction. The field evaluation examined which strategies drivers found motivating and whether preferences vary by personality while driving. Results indicate that personalization, goal setting and suggestion, reward, and self-monitoring and feedback most effectively encouraged drivers to adjust their behaviour, and that individuals’ strategy preferences can shift in the driving context compared with other situations. These findings suggest that leveraging broadly acceptable motivational strategies can motivate diverse drivers to follow feedback, while accounting for context-dependent preferences when designing in-vehicle systems to support efficient, lower-emission driving.
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