Adoption, Resistance and/or Evasion? Case study research: Norm diffusion process of the global norm on refugee protection, related to the Principle of Non-Refoulement, in Lebanon
Authors
Youssef, Hibo Abdi ; Abdul Malik, Sanaa ; Storgaard, Adel
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2020
Pages
80
Abstract
Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan den globale norm for flygtningebeskyttelse – specifikt princippet om non-refoulement, der forbyder at sende personer tilbage til steder, hvor de risikerer alvorlig skade – er blevet fortolket og omsat i Libanon i forbindelse med syriske flygtninge mellem januar 2015 og juni 2020. Med et kvalitativt casestudie baseret på sekundære kilder og en deduktiv analyse, informeret af Zoltán I. Búzas’ teori om omgåelse og Lisbeth Zimmermanns begreb lokaliserering, kortlægger studiet strategier hos nationale myndigheder og internationale aktører. I lyset af Libanons restriktive tiltag og tilbagevendelsesoperationer siden 2015 samt NGO’ers bekymringer om mulige brud på non-refoulement, peger analysen på et sammensat normforløb: elementer af adoption af en ny norm, modstand mod den globale norm for flygtningebeskyttelse og brug af omgåelsesstrategier fra libanesiske myndigheder. For internationale aktører identificeres normfremme og adoption, men ingen resultater ud over dette. Afhandlingen tilbyder et helhedsblik på, hvordan globale regler interagerer med lokale politiske, juridiske og sikkerhedsmæssige forhold i Libanon.
This thesis examines how the global norm of refugee protection—specifically the principle of non-refoulement, which prohibits returning people to places where they face serious harm—has been interpreted and applied in Lebanon in the context of Syrian refugees between January 2015 and June 2020. Using a qualitative case study based on secondary sources and a deductive analysis guided by Zoltán I. Búzas’s theory of evasion and Lisbeth Zimmermann’s concept of localization, the study maps the strategies of national authorities and international actors. Against the backdrop of Lebanon’s restrictive measures and return operations since 2015, and NGO concerns about possible non-refoulement violations, the analysis finds a mixed norm diffusion outcome: elements of adoption of a new norm, resistance to the global refugee protection norm, and the use of evasion strategies by Lebanese authorities. For international actors, the study identifies norm promotion and adoption but no outcomes beyond these. The thesis offers a holistic view of how global rules interact with local political, legal, and security pressures in Lebanon.
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