What impact climate change has on Jakarta including its economy, social construction and migration patterns; and how does the Indonesian government engage local citizens in flood prevention measures, considering the effectiveness of participatory strategies in enhancing flood resilience?
Author
Kordováner, Noémi Emma
Term
4. semester
Education
Publication year
2024
Submitted on
2024-02-09
Pages
54
Abstract
Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan klimaforandringer påvirker Jakarta med fokus på økonomi, social struktur og migrationsmønstre, samt hvordan den indonesiske regering engagerer lokale borgere i oversvømmelsesforebyggelse. Jakarta beskrives som særligt sårbar, blandt andet på grund af hurtigt stigende havniveauer og omfattende grundvandsudvinding, hvilket bidrager til, at byen synker. Studiet bygger på dokumentanalyse og sekundære kilder (historiske, teoretiske og empiriske) og anvender rammerne miljømigration, push-og-pull og miljøretfærdighed; der indsamles ingen primærdata. De foreløbige fund peger på en ung befolkning med uddannelsesunderskud og høj arbejdsløshed, store behov i kampungerne (mad, rent vand, uddannelse), samt gentagne internationale støtteindsatser ved kriser. Der peges på forslag om at flytte hovedstaden til Nusantara for at aflaste den synkende hovedstad, mens regeringen endnu mangler helhedsorienterede strategier mod klimarelaterede økonomiske og migrationsmæssige konsekvenser. Afhandlingen vurderer deltagende strategier—herunder borgerinddragelse, uddannelse, lokale perspektiver, tidlige varslingssystemer og beredskabsplaner—som lovende til at styrke lokalsamfunds modstandskraft og potentielt dæmpe massemigration, samtidig med at begrænsningerne ved et studie uden primærdata er anerkendt.
This thesis examines how climate change affects Jakarta’s economy, social structure, and migration patterns, and how the Indonesian government engages local citizens in flood prevention. Jakarta is portrayed as highly vulnerable due to rapidly rising sea levels and extensive groundwater extraction, contributing to subsidence. The study relies on document analysis and secondary sources (historical, theoretical, and empirical) within the frameworks of environmental migration, push-and-pull, and environmental justice; no primary data were collected. Findings indicate a young population facing education gaps and high unemployment, significant basic needs in kampungs (food, clean water, education), and repeated international support during crises. Proposals to relocate the capital to Nusantara aim to ease pressure on the sinking city, while comprehensive government strategies for climate-related economic and migration challenges remain incomplete. The thesis assesses participatory approaches—including citizen engagement, education, local knowledge, early warning systems, and contingency planning—as promising for strengthening community resilience and potentially reducing mass migration, while acknowledging the limitations of a non-primary data design.
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