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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
Book cover


Valuation of ASML Holding N.V.

Author

Term

4. semester

Publication year

2026

Pages

54

Abstract

This thesis estimates the intrinsic value of ASML Holding N.V. as of 10 March 2026 and assesses whether the observed share price of €1,200 is justified by industry-specific value drivers. It centers on how ASML’s strategic position in advanced lithography—its EUV leadership, the anticipated transition to High-NA EUV, installed-base economics, customer dependence on its technology roadmap, and a highly specialized supplier network—supports a prolonged period of returns above the cost of capital. It also examines constraints to persistence, including export controls, China exposure, customer concentration, dependence on Carl Zeiss SMT, semiconductor capex cyclicality, and uncertainty around the timing and scale of the High-NA ramp. The analysis combines industry economics, strategic assessment, accounting reformulation (separating operating and financing activities, analytically capitalizing R&D over five years, and treating customer advances as operating liabilities), a value-creation DCF model, scenario and sensitivity analysis, and relative valuation. The base-case intrinsic value is €721 per share, with scenario values of €677 (Conservative), €721 (Base), and €769 (Upside). One-way sensitivity tests widen the range to €619–€865 and identify WACC and medium-term revenue growth as the most influential drivers of uncertainty. A peer-implied value of €986 exceeds the DCF estimate but remains below the market price, suggesting that current pricing embeds stronger expectations than those supported by the thesis’s fundamentals. The thesis concludes that ASML is a high-quality business with strong conditions for sustained value creation, but at €1,200 per share the price appears to require longer and stronger excess returns than justified by the stated strategic, accounting, and valuation assumptions, leaving a limited margin of safety.

Denne afhandling vurderer ASML Holding N.V.’s indre værdi pr. 10. marts 2026 og undersøger, om den observerede aktiekurs på €1.200 kan forklares af selskabets branchespecifikke værdidrivere. Udgangspunktet er ASML’s strategiske styrker i avanceret litografi—herunder lederskabet i EUV, forventet overgang til High-NA EUV, stærk installeret base-økonomi, kunders afhængighed af teknologiens roadmap og et højt specialiseret leverandørnetværk—som tilsammen peger på en forlænget periode med afkast over kapitalomkostningen. Samtidig adresseres begrænsninger som eksportkontroller, eksponering mod Kina, kundekoncentration, afhængighed af Carl Zeiss SMT, cyklikalitet i halvlederinvesteringer samt usikkerhed om High-NA-opskaleringen. Metodisk kombineres brancheøkonomi, strategisk analyse, reformulering af regnskaber (opdeling i drifts- og finansieringsaktiviteter, analytisk kapitalisering af FoU over fem år og klassifikation af kundeforudbetalinger som driftsforpligtelser), en value-creation DCF-model, scenarie- og følsomhedsanalyser samt relativ værdiansættelse. Resultaterne peger på en basecase indre værdi på €721 pr. aktie, med scenarieværdier på €677 (konservativ), €721 (base) og €769 (opside). Enkeltstående følsomhedstests udvider intervallet til €619–€865 og identificerer WACC og mellemsigtet omsætningsvækst som de mest indflydelsesrige usikkerhedsdrivere. En peer-baseret indikation på €986 ligger over DCF-estimatet, men under markedskursen, hvilket tyder på, at markedet indregner stærkere forventninger end dem, der understøttes af de fundamentale antagelser. Konklusionen er, at ASML er en virksomhed af høj kvalitet med stærke forudsætninger for vedvarende værdiskabelse, men at den aktuelle pris på €1.200 pr. aktie kræver en længere og stærkere persistens i overafkast end afhandlingens antagelser retfærdiggør, hvilket giver en begrænset sikkerhedsmargin.

[This apstract has been generated with the help of AI directly from the project full text]

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