Udvælgelsen af anbringelsessteder: Sagsbehandleres overvejelser om anbringelser der sikrer barnets bedste

The selection of the placement of a child in care

Rasmussen, Sarah Krogh ; Werner, Freya Juliane

4. semester

Socialt Arbejde, Kandidat

2016

2016-07-29

114

Dette speciale undersøger, hvordan socialrådgivere træffer valg om den bedst mulige anbringelse for børn, der ikke kan bo hjemme. Historisk er omkring 1 % af børn i alderen 0–17 år blevet anbragt, hvilket peger på, at samfundet altid vil have socialt marginaliserede børn. Formålet er at belyse, hvilke overvejelser socialrådgivere gør, når de skal vælge mellem plejefamilie, døgninstitution eller andre former for anbringelse, så barnets behov og udvikling tilgodeses. Ansvaret for at organisere anbringelser ligger hos den lokale myndighed. Studiet anvender en kritisk hermeneutisk tilgang og et kvalitativt design baseret på seks interviews med socialrådgivere fra forskellige kommuner. Hver informant beskrev, hvordan de anbringer børn med udgangspunkt i deres seneste tre sager, og disse fortællinger danner analysen. Udgangspunktet er kontinuitet og barnets bedste, som fremhæves i Serviceloven § 46 om, at socialt marginaliserede børn skal have støtte til personlig udvikling, sundhed og et selvstændigt voksenliv, og at støtten skal bidrage til at sikre barnet. I forlængelse af den kritiske hermeneutik indgår forskernes forforståelser i analysen, herunder antagelsen om, at langvarige anbringelser kan skabe kontinuitet. Resultaterne viser, at socialrådgivere står over for mange udfordringer, når de skal finde en anbringelse, der kan imødekomme alle barnets behov. De balancerer faglige kriterier, kommunale prioriteringer og ressourcer i barnets familie og netværk, og utilstrækkelige ressourcer kan begrænse deres muligheder. Nogle anbringelser mislykkes, fordi de ikke passer til barnets behov, og barnet må flyttes. I deres vurderinger indgår blandt andet behov for stabile relationer, barnets evne til at indgå i relationer, behov for terapi eller specialpædagogisk støtte, anbringelse sammen med søskende, nærhed til forældre eller placering i slægtsnetværk. Studiet peger også på, at kontinuitet kan skabes gennem gode relationer til familie, netværk eller professionelle. Ifølge socialrådgiverne er langvarige anbringelser ikke altid mulige; nogle gange er det vigtigere for barnets udvikling at skifte anbringelse. Samlet set står socialrådgivere over for forskellige udfordringer og afvejninger for at vælge den anbringelse, der bedst fremmer barnets udviklingsmuligheder.

This thesis examines how social workers decide on the best care placement for children who cannot live at home. Historically, about 1% of children aged 0–17 have been placed in care, indicating that society will always include socially marginalized children. The aim is to understand what social workers consider when choosing between foster families, 24-hour care centers, or other forms of care so that the child’s needs and development are supported. Local authorities are responsible for organizing placements. The study uses a critical hermeneutic approach and a qualitative design based on six interviews with social workers from different municipalities. Each interviewee described how they place children, taking their last three cases as a starting point; these narratives frame the analysis. The study is guided by continuity and the child’s best interest, as highlighted in Serviceloven § 46, which states that socially marginalized children should receive support toward personal development, health, and an independent adult life, and that support should help secure the child. In line with the critical hermeneutic approach, the researchers’ pre-understandings are part of the analysis, including the idea that long-term placements can provide continuity. Findings show many challenges in selecting placements that meet all of a child’s needs. Social workers balance professional criteria, municipal priorities, and resources in the child’s family and network, and limited resources can constrain options. Some placements fail because they do not fit the child’s needs, requiring a new placement. Their assessments consider, among other things, the need for stable relationships, the child’s ability to engage in relationships, the need for therapy or special pedagogical support, placement with siblings, proximity to parents, or placement within the relatives’ network. The study also finds that continuity can be maintained through strong relationships with family, networks, or professionals. According to the social workers, long-term placements are not always possible; sometimes it is more important for the child’s development to move to a new placement. Overall, social workers face multiple challenges and trade-offs when choosing the placement that best supports the child’s development opportunities.

[Dette resumé er genereret ved hjælp af AI]

Børn og unge ; Anbringelser

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