Tourism social enterprises' responses to Covid-19 crisis: A case study of Bali and inclusive tourism
Translated title
Tourism social enterprises' responses to Covid-19 crisis
Authors
Svocáková, Katarína ; Babjakova, Nikola
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2020
Abstract
Tourism is often linked to social and economic development. This thesis examines social enterprises in the tourism sector—businesses that combine commercial activity with social goals—not only as engines of growth, but as organizations that meet local needs and strengthen communities. During the study, the COVID-19 pandemic emerged and severely disrupted tourism. The research question was therefore refocused to explore how these enterprises responded to the crisis. The pandemic also affected data collection: limited fieldwork was complemented by secondary sources and new digital methods. To gather multiple perspectives, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight tourism social enterprises in Bali. While this small sample does not support broad generalizations, it provided valuable insights for the study’s aims. The literature review covers tourism social enterprises, inclusive tourism (ensuring tourism benefits and includes diverse groups), crisis management, and resilience (the capacity to adapt and recover), and narrows the focus to the responses of different actors during the early phase of COVID-19 in Indonesia. The study identifies gaps in existing research, introduces several new concepts, and offers conclusions and recommendations. It also calls for further research on how tourism social enterprises can survive prolonged crises and how relevant stakeholders should be engaged.
Turisme forbindes ofte med social og økonomisk udvikling. Dette speciale undersøger sociale virksomheder i turismesektoren—virksomheder, der kombinerer forretningsdrift med sociale formål—ikke kun som drivkraft for vækst, men som aktører, der imødekommer lokale behov og styrker fællesskaber. Undervejs udbrød COVID-19-pandemien og ramte turismen hårdt. Forskningsspørgsmålet blev derfor omlagt til at undersøge, hvordan disse virksomheder reagerede på krisen. Pandemien påvirkede også dataindsamlingen: begrænset feltarbejde blev suppleret med sekundære kilder og nye digitale metoder. For at få flere perspektiver blev der gennemført dybdegående interviews med otte sociale virksomheder på Bali. Det lille antal informanter giver ikke grundlag for brede generaliseringer, men bidrog med værdifuld indsigt i studiets formål. Litteraturgennemgangen omfatter sociale virksomheder i turismen, inkluderende turisme (at turisme gavner og inddrager forskellige grupper), kriseledelse og resiliens (evnen til at tilpasse sig og komme sig), og indsnævrer fokus til forskellige aktørers reaktioner i den tidlige fase af COVID-19 i Indonesien. Studiet peger på forskningshuller, identificerer flere nye begreber og fremsætter konklusioner og anbefalinger. Derudover opfordres der til videre forskning i, hvordan sociale virksomheder i turismen kan overleve langvarige kriser, og hvordan relevante interessenter bør inddrages.
[This apstract has been rewritten with the help of AI based on the project's original abstract]