The role of ICT in enhancing e-waste business opportunities in Zanzibar.
Author
Ali, Abdulrahim Haroun
Term
4. term
Publication year
2017
Submitted on
2017-06-07
Pages
124
Abstract
Zanzibar oplever ligesom mange andre steder en stigende mængde elektronisk affald (e‑affald). Det stammer både fra nye importer og en tiltagende strøm af brugt elektrisk og elektronisk udstyr (EEE). Ifølge Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) steg importen af EEE til Zanzibar fra cirka 3.000 ton i 2012–2013 til over 5.200 ton i 2013–2014. Det er endnu uklart, hvor stor en del af dette der bliver til affald hvert år; dette speciale anslår omkring 10 %, svarende til cirka 520 ton alene i 2013–2014. Fordi Zanzibar mangler faciliteter til indsamling, demontering og sikker bortskaffelse, hober e‑affald fra tidligere år sig op i gader og uformelle lossepladser. En udviklet masseflowmodel kortlægger disse strømme og den deraf følgende ophobning. Projektets mål er at udforme praktiske forretningsmodeller for e‑affald, der passer til Zanzibars kontekst, skaber nye forretningsmuligheder og mindsker ophobningen af affald. Baseret på litteraturstudier, analyser og interviews med interessenter peger studiet på et offentligt‑privat partnerskab (OPP) som den foretrukne model. I et OPP er den offentlige sektors deltagelse afgørende for at dele risici, stille ressourcer som jord, sikkerhed og arbejdsstøtte til rådighed, understøtte politikker og muliggøre tilbagebetaling af investeringer—alt efter, hvad der aftales i kontrakten. For at få modellen til at fungere i praksis foreslår studiet en IKT‑understøttet indsamlingsstrategi, der skal sikre en stabil mængde e‑affald og sænke genvindingsvirksomheders transaktionsomkostninger. Konkret afprøves en mobilapplikation, som lader forbrugere sælge deres e‑affald. Med udgangspunkt i Theory of Planned Behavior og Rogers’ diffusionsteori blev 400 personer i fire gader adspurgt. Den gennemsnitlige intention om at bruge appen var 6,895 ud af 7, og adoptionsscoren var 6,9228 ud af 7. Samlet set kan et OPP kombineret med den foreslåede IKT‑indsamlingsstrategi—understøttet af høj forbrugerinteresse—i betydeligt omfang afhjælpe Zanzibars e‑affaldsproblem og åbne nye forretningsmuligheder.
Zanzibar, like many places, is seeing a steady rise in electronic waste (e‑waste). This comes from both new imports and a growing influx of second‑hand electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). According to the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA), EEE imports to Zanzibar increased from about 3,000 tonnes in 2012–2013 to more than 5,200 tonnes in 2013–2014. It is not yet known how much of this becomes waste each year; this thesis estimates about 10%, which would be roughly 520 tonnes in 2013–2014 alone. Because Zanzibar lacks facilities to collect, dismantle and safely dispose of e‑waste, material from previous years builds up in streets and informal dumpsites. A mass‑flow model developed in the study maps these flows and the resulting accumulation. The goal of the project is to design practical e‑waste business models that fit Zanzibar’s context, create new business opportunities, and reduce the build‑up of waste. Based on a literature review, data analysis and interviews with stakeholders, the study identifies a public–private partnership (PPP) as the preferred model. In a PPP, participation by the public sector is key for sharing risks, providing resources such as land, security and labor support, backing policies, and enabling recovery of investments—subject to what is agreed in the contract. To make the model work in practice, the study proposes an ICT‑enabled collection strategy to ensure a reliable supply of e‑waste and lower recycling firms’ transaction costs. In particular, it tests a mobile application that lets consumers sell their e‑waste. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Rogers’ Diffusion Theory, the study surveyed 400 people across four streets. The average intention to use the app scored 6.895 out of 7, and the adoption score was 6.9228 out of 7. Taken together, a PPP combined with the proposed ICT collection strategy—supported by strong consumer interest—could address Zanzibar’s e‑waste problem to a large extent while opening new e‑waste business opportunities.
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
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