The response of non-governmental organizations to the system of caporalato in Italy
Author
Fava, Marta
Term
4. semester
Education
Publication year
2024
Submitted on
2024-05-28
Pages
57
Abstract
This thesis investigates illegal labor mediation and exploitation in Italy’s agricultural sector, known as caporalato, affecting both Italian and migrant workers through informal contracts, low wages, long hours, and precarious living conditions. It situates the phenomenon within a broader landscape shaped by climate, regional economies, and the influence of criminal organizations across the supply chain, highlighting its concentration in southern regions. Guided by landscape theory and the concept of the “morphological eye,” alongside the framework of migration infrastructure, the study considers the roles of workers, caporali, farms, retailers, consumers, and civil society. Methodologically, it combines a review of academic literature and reports with interviews with two NGOs—NoCap and Libera—to explore how organizations report abuses, propose alternatives, and navigate regulatory, humanitarian, and commercial dimensions. The analysis maps the legal context and the dynamics of recruitment, production, and retail to understand how NGO strategies seek to disrupt and transform the existing system.
Specialet undersøger ulovlig arbejdsformidling og udnyttelse i Italiens landbrugssektor, kendt som caporalato, som rammer både italienske og migrantarbejdere gennem uformelle kontrakter, lave lønninger, lange arbejdstider og usikre boligforhold. Det placerer fænomenet i et bredt landskab præget af klima, regionale økonomier og kriminelle organisationers indflydelse på hele forsyningskæden og peger på en særlig koncentration i Syditalien. Med udgangspunkt i landskabsteori og begrebet “morfologisk blik” samt rammerne for migrationsinfrastruktur behandler studiet rollerne for arbejdere, caporali, landbrugsvirksomheder, detailhandel, forbrugere og civilsamfund. Metodisk kombineres litteratur- og rapportgennemgang med interviews med to NGO’er—NoCap og Libera—for at belyse, hvordan organisationer dokumenterer overgreb, foreslår alternativer og navigerer i regulative, humanitære og kommercielle dimensioner. Analysen kortlægger den juridiske kontekst og dynamikkerne i rekruttering, produktion og detailled for at forstå, hvordan NGO-strategier søger at forstyrre og ændre det eksisterende system.
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