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A master's thesis from Aalborg University

The Power of the 'For You' Page - Deep Diving into the World of Electoral Marketing and User Engagement on TikTok

Authors

;

Term

4. term

Publication year

2026

Submitted on

Abstract

This thesis investigates how American and British political actors use communicative marketing strategies on TikTok during the 2024 election campaigns, and what broader implications can be drawn for online political communication. Using a social constructivist approach, the study analyzes 60 TikTok videos from four campaign entities – the U.S. Democratic Party, the “Team Trump” campaign, the UK Labour Party, and the Conservative Party – alongside 900 comments scraped from the videos’ comment sections. The theoretical framework combines parasocial interaction theory, discourse communities and influencer marketing theory, supported by social identity theory. The videos are examined through multimodal discourse analysis, focusing on visual, auditory, gestural and linguistic modes, while the comments are analyzed using values coding to identify users’ values, attitudes and beliefs; the findings are then compared through a comparative case study design. The analysis shows that both the Democratic Party and Team Trump frequently rely on content not originally produced for TikTok, but enriched with popular platform features such as online pop culture references and celebrity endorsements, alongside negative portrayals of opponents that highlight inflammatory quotes and, in the U.S. context, personal and physical traits. Team Trump also makes extensive use of supporter-generated material to signal broad grassroots involvement. In contrast, Labour and the Conservatives produce more TikTok-tailored content, incorporating trends and memes, and feature party leaders Keir Starmer and Rishi Sunak directly via voice-overs or direct address to the camera; their negative portrayals focus more on opponents’ policies than on personality. Labour particularly targets families, while the Conservatives foreground ordinary British citizens’ reactions to the political landscape. The comment analysis indicates that U.S. TikTok users are generally supportive of the content, especially when it emphasizes an “us vs them” dynamic and includes endorsements, whereas UK users more often question politicians directly, express stronger criticism of the parties overall, and show clear interest in third-party alternatives. The thesis offers a nuanced account of how TikTok functions as a space for electoral marketing and user engagement, illuminating how different content strategies shape audience responses and the political discourses that emerge on the platform.

Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan amerikanske og britiske politiske aktører anvender kommunikative marketingstrategier på TikTok i forbindelse med valgkampene i 2024, og hvilke bredere implikationer for online politisk kommunikation der kan udledes heraf. Med udgangspunkt i et socialkonstruktivistisk perspektiv analyseres i alt 60 TikTok-videoer fra fire kampagneenheder – den amerikanske Demokratiske Parti, kampagnen “Team Trump”, det britiske Labour Party og Conservative Party – samt 900 kommentarer hentet fra disse videoers kommentarsektioner. Det teoretiske grundlag består af parasocial interaktionsteori, teorien om discourse communities og influencer marketing, suppleret af social identitetsteori. Videoerne analyseres gennem multimodal diskursanalyse, der ser på visuelle, auditive, gestuelle og sproglige udtryksformer, mens kommentarer undersøges ved hjælp af values coding for at identificere brugernes værdier, holdninger og overbevisninger. Resultaterne sammenlignes i en komparativ caseanalyse. Analysen viser, at både Demokraterne og Team Trump ofte anvender indhold, der ikke er specifikt produceret til TikTok, men som indeholder populære platformelementer som popkulturelle referencer og celebrity-endorsements, samt negative fremstillinger af modstandere, der fokuserer på kontroversielle citater og i US-konteksten også personlige og fysiske karakteristika. Team Trump bruger desuden aktivt supporterindhold til at signalere bred folkelig opbakning. Labour og Conservatives producerer i højere grad skræddersyet TikTok-indhold med trends og memes, hvor partilederne optræder direkte gennem speak eller blik ind i kameraet; her er negative fremstillinger mere rettet mod modstandernes politik end deres personlighed. Labour fokuserer især på familier, mens Conservatives fremhæver almindelige britiske borgeres reaktioner på den politiske situation. Kommentaranalysen peger på, at amerikanske TikTok-brugere typisk udviser stærk støtte til “deres” side og reagerer positivt på endorsements og “os vs dem”-retorik, mens britiske brugere oftere stiller direkte spørgsmål til politikerne, er mere kritiske over for partierne generelt og viser interesse for tredjeparter. Afhandlingen bidrager med en nuanceret forståelse af, hvordan TikTok som platform bruges i valgmarkedsføring, og hvordan forskellige typer indhold og strategier påvirker brugerengagement og de politiske diskurser, der opstår i kommentarfelterne.

[This abstract has been generated with the help of AI directly from the project full text]