The Magnetic Attraction of Dhaka: Motivational Factors Behind Rural areas to Dhaka (Urban) in the Context of Bangladesh
Author
Shorma, Zakia Parvin
Term
4. semester
Education
Publication year
2024
Submitted on
2024-05-31
Abstract
This thesis examines why people in Bangladesh move from rural areas to Dhaka. Using Lee’s push–pull framework, it analyzes six qualitative interviews with migrants to foreground individual motivations rather than policies or systems. The findings indicate that conditions at origin—persistent poverty, lack of basic services and jobs, agricultural decline and climate-related pressures, inadequate land, income gaps, and social and economic obligations such as dowry—operate as push factors. Destination-side pull factors include paid work in Dhaka’s formal and informal economies, better earning prospects, social networks, and urban amenities. Across interviews, participants reported that migration improved their living conditions. The study offers a grounded view of how pressures in rural areas and opportunities in the metropolis jointly shape movement to the capital.
Dette speciale undersøger, hvorfor mennesker i Bangladesh migrerer fra landdistrikter til Dhaka. Med udgangspunkt i Lees push-pull-ramme analyseres seks kvalitative interviews med migranter for at belyse individuelle motiver frem for politik og systemer. Resultaterne peger på, at forhold ved oprindelsesstedet – bl.a. vedvarende fattigdom, mangel på basale faciliteter og arbejde, landbrugstilbagegang og klimarelaterede pres, utilstrækkelig jord, indkomstkløfter samt sociale og økonomiske forpligtelser som medgift – fungerer som push-faktorer. Samtidig tiltrækker destinationen gennem pull-faktorer som lønnet arbejde i byens formelle og uformelle økonomi, bedre indtjeningsmuligheder, sociale netværk og bymæssige goder. På tværs af interviewene oplevede deltagerne, at flytningen til Dhaka forbedrede deres levevilkår. Studiet giver et indblik i, hvordan samspillet mellem pres i landdistrikterne og muligheder i storbyen former migrationen til landets hovedstad.
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