The Influence of Upcoming Global Warming Potential Restrictions and Deviation from the Danish Prescriptive Fire Design Solutions
Authors
Sørensen, Sofie Møller ; Østergaard, Cecilie Juhl ; Nielsen, Philip Brunsgaard
Term
4. term
Publication year
2023
Submitted on
2023-06-09
Abstract
Dette speciale undersøger, hvordan kommende krav til bygningers globale opvarmningspotentiale (GWP) og mulige afvigelser fra de danske præaccepterede brandsikkerhedsløsninger påvirker designet af bygningskomponenter og deres CO2‑udledning. Gennem en omfattende parametervariation blev fem millioner bygningskomponenter genereret og vurderet for bæreevne, fugtforhold, varmetransmission og brandsikkerhed efter de danske præskriptive løsninger. For alle komponenter blev CO2‑udledning beregnet med livscyklusvurderinger og resultaterne grupperet efter strukturelt materiale og konstruktionsprincip. Komponenterne blev derefter filtreret mod både nuværende og kommende danske GWP‑krav. Kortlægning af danske og udvalgte europæiske brandkrav førte til tre specifikke aspekter med potentiale for lavere udledning—klassificering af beklædningers brandbeskyttelsesevne, reaktion på brand for indvendige overflader samt reaktion på brand for isolering i komponenter med brandbar bærende konstruktion—som blev undersøgt som mindre strenge alternativer. Analysen viser, at biogene materialer og rammekonstruktioner generelt er bedst egnede til at opfylde fremtidige GWP‑krav, mens tunge mineralske massivkonstruktioner forventes at blive udfordret i de kommende år. Årsagerne omfatter biogent kulstoflager og materialeintensitet. Undersøgelsen indikerer desuden, at udvalgte lempelser af præskriptive brandkrav kan reducere CO2‑udledningen for biogene komponenter og rammesystemer, mens effekten er begrænset for tunge mineralske konstruktioner.
This thesis examines how upcoming limits on buildings’ global warming potential (GWP) and possible deviations from Danish prescriptive fire design solutions influence the design of building components and their CO2 emissions. Using a large parametric study, five million components were generated and assessed for load-bearing capacity, moisture performance, thermal transmission, and fire safety according to Danish prescriptive solutions. Life cycle assessments were performed for all components, and results were grouped by structural material and construction principle, then filtered against current and future Danish GWP requirements. A review of Danish and selected European fire rules identified three aspects with potential to lower emissions—classification of cladding fire protection ability, reaction to fire of interior surfaces, and reaction to fire of insulation in components with combustible load-bearing structures—which were tested as less strict alternatives. The analysis indicates that biogenic materials and frame constructions are generally best suited to meet future GWP limits, while heavy mineral solid structures are likely to face constraints in the coming years. Key drivers include biogenic carbon sequestration and material intensity. The study further suggests that selected relaxations of prescriptive fire requirements can reduce CO2 emissions for biogenic components and frame systems, with limited effect for heavy mineral constructions.
[This summary has been generated with the help of AI directly from the project (PDF)]
Documents