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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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The effect of EUs non-binding agreements on national policies

Author

Term

4. term

Publication year

2018

Submitted on

Abstract

This thesis examines how the European Union’s non-binding governance tools—particularly the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) and the Erasmus+ programme—affect Danish policy in the field of vocational education and training (VET). Against a backdrop of rising Euroscepticism and the EU’s turn to greater transparency and ‘soft’ coordination, the research asks: How do non-binding EU agreements such as the OMC influence Denmark’s VET system? The study employs a single-case design of Denmark based on document analysis, using policy transfer theory (notably Dolowitz & Marsh) and concepts of horizontal and vertical policy integration to identify who transfers what, why, and how. The analysis covers two strands: the design of Denmark’s 2015 VET reform and the country’s engagement with Erasmus+ in VET. Findings indicate that Denmark selectively adopts EU initiatives that fit national priorities. There is limited or insufficient evidence that OMC ‘good practices’ directly shaped the 2015 VET reform, whereas OMC-like idea sharing is more discernible in the Erasmus+ collaboration. The study also suggests that strong national institutions can dampen direct EU influence, yet facilitate cooperation when EU programmes are robust, historically anchored, and have a proven impact—as with Erasmus+, which informs Denmark’s international approach to VET. The thesis provides a nuanced account of how ‘soft’ EU instruments translate into national education policy and the moderating role of institutional strength in this process.

Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan EU’s ikke-bindende styringsværktøjer – særligt den Åbne Koordinationsmetode (OMC) og Erasmus+-programmet – påvirker dansk politik på erhvervsuddannelsesområdet (VET). Med afsæt i øget euroskepsis og EU’s fokus på transparens og ‘bløde’ styringsformer formuleres forskningsspørgsmålet: Hvordan påvirker ikke-bindende EU-aftaler, som OMC, den danske VET-sektor? Studiet er designet som et enkelt-casestudie af Danmark og bygger på dokumentanalyse. Som teoretisk ramme anvendes policy transfer-litteraturen (især Dolowitz & Marsh) samt horisontal og vertikal politik-integration til at identificere, hvem der overfører hvilke politiske ideer, hvorfor og hvordan. Analysen fokuserer på to spor: udformningen af den danske VET-reform i 2015 og Danmarks arbejde med Erasmus+ i VET. Fundene peger på, at Danmark selektivt adopterer EU-initiativer, der passer til nationale prioriteringer. Der findes begrænset eller utilstrækkelig evidens for, at OMC’s ‘good practices’ direkte prægede VET-reformen i 2015, mens OMC-lignende idéudveksling er mere synlig i samarbejdet omkring Erasmus+. Desuden indikerer studiet, at stærke nationale institutioner kan dæmpe direkte EU-indflydelse, men samtidig fremmer samarbejde, når EU-programmer er robuste, historisk forankrede og dokumenteret virksomme—som tilfældet med Erasmus+, der præger Danmarks internationale tilgang i VET. Afhandlingen bidrager med en nuanceret vurdering af, hvordan ‘bløde’ EU-instrumenter omsættes i national uddannelsespolitik, og hvilken rolle institutionel styrke spiller i denne proces.

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