State-Led People to People Diplomacy in China ---- Where should it go?
Author
Li, Xuan
Term
4. term
Publication year
2014
Submitted on
2014-12-18
Pages
60
Abstract
Specialet undersøger, hvorfor statsledt folk-til-folk diplomati i Kina er blevet utilstrækkeligt, og hvordan det kan udvikles. Udgangspunktet er, at officiel diplomati ikke alene kan håndtere nutidens udenrigspolitiske udfordringer, og at folk-til-folk diplomati traditionelt har suppleret statens indsats i Kina. Projektet kombinerer en teoretisk begrebsdiskussion af folk-til-folk diplomati i relation til offentlig diplomati og multi-track diplomati med en drøftelse af civilsamfundets rolle som grundlag for sådanne indsatser. Analysen bygger på tre illustrative cases – normaliseringen af forholdet mellem Kina og Japan efter krigen, den kinesiske venskabsforening med udlandet (CPAFFC) og hændelser omkring Konfucius Institut – for at udlede, hvilke faktorer der skaber utilstrækkelighed. Hovedkonklusionen er, at overdreven statsledelse begrænser civilsamfundets modning, hvilket svækker folk-til-folk diplomati. Derfor foreslås det at løsne den statslige kontrol og styrke civilsamfundet gennem politiktilpasninger samt kapacitetsopbygning og ansvarlighed hos private virksomheder og NGO’er. Derudover gives anbefalinger til den akademiske tradition i Kina for at understøtte dette udviklingsarbejde.
This thesis examines why state-led people-to-people diplomacy in China has become insufficient and how it could be improved. It starts from the premise that official diplomacy alone cannot meet contemporary foreign policy challenges and that people-to-people diplomacy has historically complemented state efforts in China. The study combines a conceptual discussion of people-to-people diplomacy in relation to public diplomacy and multi-track diplomacy with an examination of civil society as the foundation for such engagement. It analyzes three illustrative cases—the postwar normalization of China–Japan relations, the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC), and events related to the Confucius Institute—to identify the factors behind current shortcomings. The core finding is that excessive state leadership constrains the maturation of civil society, weakening people-to-people diplomacy. The thesis therefore proposes easing governmental control and strengthening civil society through policy adjustments and capacity building and responsibility among private companies and NGOs, alongside recommendations for China’s academic community to support these developments.
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