Precontractual liability under the CISG: An analysis of whether there is a basis for precontractual liability in the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and if so, how the content of such liability may be determined and which types of damages may be compensated
Translated title
Precontractual liability under the CISG
Authors
Pedersen, Marie Hummelshøj ; Rossen, Anne
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2019
Submitted on
2019-05-26
Pages
57
Abstract
Specialet undersøger, om der kan pålægges prækontraktuelt ansvar efter den internationale købelov – altså ansvar for adfærd under forhandlinger, før en aftale er indgået. I mindre omfang belyser det også, hvilket indhold et sådant ansvar kan have, og hvilken erstatning der i givet fald kan kræves. Analysen følger den retsdogmatiske metode og den fortolkningsmetode, som lovens art. 7 foreskriver, med fokus på lovens internationale karakter, behovet for ensartet anvendelse og kravet om god forretningsskik i international handel. Specialet bygger på den autentiske engelske lovtekst, forarbejder, international retspraksis og litteratur og inddrager relevante soft law-instrumenter, hvor loven tillader det. Flere bestemmelser kan muligvis danne grundlag for prækontraktuelt ansvar, herunder art. 7 (heriblandt god forretningsskik), art. 8, art. 16(2), art. 81(2) og art. 84. Hver bestemmelse undersøges for, om den kan udstrækkes til forhandlingsfasen og dermed bære et ansvar før kontraktens indgåelse. Et centralt, men ofte overset, spørgsmål er derfor, om forhandlingsfasen overhovedet er omfattet af loven. I mindre omfang vurderes også betingelserne for ansvar efter de nævnte regler, samt om lovens del III og dens sanktioner kan bruges analogt ved prækontraktuelt ansvar, eller om sanktionerne må fastlægges ud fra lovens almindelige grundsætninger.
The thesis investigates whether pre-contractual liability can be imposed under the international sales law, meaning liability for conduct during negotiations before a contract is concluded. To a lesser extent, it also clarifies the possible content of such liability and what compensation might be recoverable. The analysis applies the legal dogmatic method and the interpretive approach set out in Article 7 of the law, emphasizing its international character, the need for uniform application, and the requirement of good faith in international trade. The study draws on the authentic English text of the law, preparatory works, international case law and scholarship, and considers relevant soft-law instruments where the law permits. Several provisions may provide a basis for pre-contractual liability, including Article 7 (including good faith), Article 8, Article 16(2), Article 81(2), and Article 84. Each provision is examined to assess whether it can be extended to the negotiation phase and thus support liability before contract formation. A central, yet often overlooked, question is therefore whether the negotiation phase is covered by the law at all. The thesis also, to a lesser extent, assesses the conditions for liability under these provisions and whether Part III of the law and its remedies can be applied by analogy in cases of pre-contractual liability, or whether remedies must be derived from the general principles on which the law is based.
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