Positional Infrared Tracking Based System Using Non-individualised HRTFs to Simulate a Loudspeaker Setup and its Influence on Externalisation of Music
Author
Eklund, Rasmus
Term
4. Term
Education
Publication year
2019
Submitted on
2019-05-28
Pages
41
Abstract
Mange producerer og mixer lyd med hovedtelefoner. Fordi hovedtelefoner sender lyden direkte til hvert øre, mens højttalere påvirkes af rummet og begge ører, kan den samme mix lyde anderledes på højttalere. Forskelle omfatter interaurale niveau- og tidsforskelle mellem ørerne. Hovedrelaterede overføringsfunktioner (HRTF'er) – målinger af hvordan hoved og ører former lyden – gør det muligt at bruge binaural panorering til at få hovedtelefoner til at efterligne et højttaler-setup. I denne afhandling blev et infrarød-baseret positionssporingssystem, der bruger ikke‑individualiserede HRTF'er til at simulere et højttalersetup i hovedtelefoner, konceptualiseret, designet og implementeret. Systemet blev evalueret med 20 deltagere for at undersøge, om tilføjelse af positionssporing (sporing af lytterens position i rummet, ikke kun hovedbevægelser) øger eksternalisering, dvs. oplevelsen af at lyden kommer udefra hovedet. Resultaterne viste ingen signifikant forskel mellem betingelsen med kun hovedbevægelse og betingelsen med yderligere positionssporing. Afhandlingen sammenligner resultaterne med tidligere studier og foreslår forbedringer til fremtidige forsøg.
Many people produce and mix audio using headphones. Because headphones deliver sound directly to each ear, while loudspeakers interact with the room and both ears, the same mix can sound different on speakers. These differences include interaural level and time cues between the ears. Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs)—measurements of how the head and ears shape incoming sound—enable binaural panning that lets headphones mimic a loudspeaker setup. This thesis conceptualised, designed, and implemented an infrared-based positional tracking system that uses non-individualized HRTFs to simulate loudspeakers over headphones. The system was evaluated with 20 participants to test whether adding positional tracking (tracking the listener’s position in space, not just head movements) increases externalization, meaning the sense that sounds come from outside the head. The results showed no significant difference between the head-movement-only condition and the condition with additional position tracking. The thesis compares these findings with previous studies and proposes improvements for future experiments.
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