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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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Opportunities and Pitfalls of Saudi-Israeli Normalization

Author

Term

4. term

Publication year

2018

Abstract

Denne afhandling undersøger, hvorfor og hvordan de seneste geopolitiske ændringer i Mellemøsten har fremmet et stille tilnærmelsesforløb mellem Saudi-Arabien og Israel, og hvad en mulig normalisering kan betyde. Med udgangspunkt i Buzan og Weavers Regional Security Complex Theory analyseres de to centrale subkomplekser – Golfen og Levanten – samt de konflikter, der definerer dem, for at forstå aktørernes trusselopfattelser, beslutningsprocesser og regionale interesser. Afhandlingen inddrager historiske udviklinger (bl.a. Irak-krigen, Arabisk Forår, Syrien og Yemen), Irans voksende indflydelse, og global magtpåvirkning fra USA og Rusland, samt indenrigspolitiske og ideologiske særtræk i begge lande. På denne baggrund vurderes de økonomiske, sikkerhedsmæssige og indenrigspolitiske implikationer af en tilnærmelse og mulig normalisering. Analysen peger på, at der kan være betydelige økonomiske og sikkerhedsmæssige gevinster, men at indenrigspolitiske forhold og vedvarende konflikter i Levanten gør normalisering mindre entydigt positiv og potentielt risikabel.

This thesis examines why and how recent geopolitical shifts in the Middle East have fostered a quiet rapprochement between Saudi Arabia and Israel, and what a potential normalization might entail. Drawing on Buzan and Weaver’s Regional Security Complex Theory, it analyzes the Gulf and Levant subcomplexes and the conflicts that define them to illuminate actors’ threat perceptions, decision-making, and regional interests. The study considers historical developments (including the Iraq War, the Arab Spring, Syria, and Yemen), Iran’s growing influence, global power involvement by the United States and Russia, and domestic and ideological specificities in both countries. On this basis, it assesses the economic, security, and domestic implications of rapprochement and possible normalization. The analysis suggests that while notable economic and security gains are possible, domestic political dynamics and persistent Levant conflicts make normalization less straightforwardly positive and potentially risky.

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