Olefin Production From Biomass via Methanol Integration (MTO)
Author
Zadeh, Mohammad Moula
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2025
Submitted on
2025-06-02
Pages
43
Abstract
Denne afhandling adresserer behovet for mere bæredygtig produktion af lette olefiner – især ethylen og propylen – ved at undersøge en biomassebaseret rute via methanol. Udgangspunktet er forgasning af biomasse til syntesegas (CO og H2), efterfulgt af methanolsynthese og konvertering af methanol til olefiner (MTO). Et centralt designgreb er at generere syntesegas med høj H2/CO-ratio og supplere med brint fra elektrolyse, så vand-gas-skift-sektionen kan udelades, hvilket forenkler anlægget. Arbejdet modellerer og beskriver hele proceskæden fra forgasning over CO2-fjernelse, hydrogenberigelse og Rectisol-rensning til methanolsynthese, MTO-reaktionen, C4-krakning, kryogen genvinding og konventionel olefinseparation. Der lægges vægt på MTO-kemi og katalyse, reaktordesign, termodynamik og kinetik, sikkerheds- og miljøforhold samt struktur for reaktion, separation og recirkulation, herunder betydningen af R-forholdet og dets kobling til vand-gas-skift og CO2-fangst. Metoden omfatter procesdesign og -simulation med fokus på at optimere driftsbetingelser for at øge selektivitet og udbytte inden for en bæredygtig ramme, samt vurderinger af energi- og hjælpeforbrug og en indledende økonomisk evaluering. Dette uddrag indeholder ingen kvantitative resultater, men afhandlingen har til formål at demonstrere teknisk gennemførlighed og identificere design- og driftsvalg, der kan muliggøre høj selektivitet til C2–C4-olefiner fra fornyelige råstoffer.
This thesis addresses the need for more sustainable production of light olefins—particularly ethylene and propylene—by examining a biomass-based route via methanol. The approach starts with gasifying biomass to synthesis gas (CO and H2), followed by methanol synthesis and conversion of methanol to olefins (MTO). A key design choice is to generate a high H2/CO syngas and supplement with hydrogen from electrolysis so that the water–gas shift section can be omitted, simplifying the plant. The work models and describes the end-to-end process from gasification through CO2 removal, hydrogen enrichment and Rectisol purification to methanol synthesis, the MTO reactor, C4 cracking, cryogenic recovery and conventional olefin separation. Emphasis is placed on MTO chemistry and catalysis, reactor design, thermodynamics and kinetics, health, safety and environmental aspects, and the structure of reaction, separation and recycle, including the role of the R-ratio and its links to water–gas shift and carbon capture. The method relies on process design and simulation to optimize operating conditions that enhance selectivity and yield within a sustainable framework, alongside assessments of energy and utility use and a preliminary economic evaluation. This excerpt contains no quantitative outcomes, but the thesis aims to demonstrate technical feasibility and identify design and operating choices that can enable high selectivity to C2–C4 olefins from renewable feedstocks.
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
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