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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Two-Phase Flows in Mini-Channels

Translated title

Numerisk og Eksperimentel undersøgelse af to-fase flow i mini-kanaler

Authors

;

Term

4. term

Publication year

2018

Submitted on

Pages

101

Abstract

Tofasestrømning—gas og væske, der bevæger sig sammen—i meget små kanaler er vigtig i både forskning og industri, især for elektrolyseteknologi, som kan få betydning for fremtidens energisystem. Denne afhandling tager fat på et hul i litteraturen: Der findes kun få direkte valideringer, der sammenligner eksperimenter med to udbredte beregningsmetoder inden for strømningsmekanik (CFD), Volume of Fluid (VOF) og to-fluidemodellen, for tofasestrømning i minikanaler med kvadratisk tværsnit. Studiet anvendte en enkel testsag med luft ved en konstant superficiel hastighed (beregnet som om fasen strømmer alene) på 0,7 m/s og vand på 0,4 m/s. På denne baggrund blev tilsvarende numeriske og eksperimentelle opstillinger konstrueret. De vigtigste mål til sammenligning var gas-/væskevolumenfraktioner (andelen af gas i forhold til væske) og tryktab langs strømningsvejen. Numerisk blev både VOF og to-fluidemodellen anvendt. Eksperimentelt blev der brugt en gennemsigtig Plexiglas T-forgrening med optisk adgang og tryktransducere (tryksensorer). Resultaterne viser, at VOF-modellens forudsigelser stemte bedst overens med de eksperimentelle data. Diskussionen påpeger, at valg af numeriske indstillinger og forsøgsusikkerheder kan betyde, at de reelle forskelle mellem metoderne er mindre, end de umiddelbart ser ud.

Two-phase flow—gas and liquid moving together—in very small channels is important in both research and industry, especially for electrolyser technology that could support future energy grids. This thesis addresses a gap: there are few direct validations that compare experiments with two common computational fluid dynamics approaches, the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and the two-fluid model, for two-phase flow in square mini-channels. The study used a simple test case with air at a constant superficial velocity (as if flowing alone) of 0.7 m/s and water at 0.4 m/s. Based on this case, matching numerical and experimental setups were built. The main measures for comparison were gas–liquid volume fractions (the share of gas versus liquid) and pressure losses (the drop in pressure along the flow path). Numerically, both VOF and the two-fluid model were applied. Experimentally, a transparent Plexiglas T-junction cell with optical access and pressure transducers (sensors) was used. The results show that VOF predictions agreed best with the experimental data. The discussion notes that choices in numerical settings and experimental uncertainties could mean the true differences between the methods are smaller than they appear.

[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]