Natural ventilation in hospitals
Authors
Myrup, Maria Lejsgaard ; Olesen, Jesper Lundgaard
Term
4. term
Publication year
2008
Abstract
Dette speciale undersøger muligheden for at anvende naturlig ventilation i hospitaler, med særligt fokus på isolationsstuer som et omkostnings- og energibesparende alternativ til fuldt mekanisk ventilation. To casestudier, Aabenraa Sygehus (Danmark) og Grantham Hospital (Hongkong), danner grundlag for beregninger med lokale vejrdata ved hjælp af multizone-modeller og CFD-simulering for at vurdere, om et minimumsluftskifte på 12 h^-1 kan opretholdes. Med den eksisterende indretning var de naturlige drivkræfter ikke tilstrækkelige til at sikre 12 h^-1 hele tiden. Efter mindre ændringer i isolationsstuernes layout og anvendelse af hybridventilation viste beregningerne, at luftskiftet kun var under 12 h^-1 6% af tiden i Aabenraa og 5% i Grantham. For Grantham blev der desuden gennemført CFD for at belyse påvirkningen fra lokal bjerg- og søbrise; med ændret layout var det gennemsnitlige luftskifte ca. 37 h^-1 ved bjergbrise og 18 h^-1 ved søbrise. Resultaterne peger på, at naturlig ventilation kan bidrage væsentligt til isolationsstuer, men at robuste løsninger kræver målrettede designjusteringer og hybrid drift.
This thesis investigates the feasibility of using natural ventilation in hospitals, with a particular focus on isolation rooms as a potentially lower-cost, lower-energy alternative to fully mechanical systems. Two case studies—Aabenraa Hospital (Denmark) and Grantham Hospital (Hong Kong)—were analyzed using local weather data in multizone models and CFD simulations to assess whether a minimum air change rate of 12 h^-1 can be maintained. With the existing room layouts, natural driving forces were insufficient to ensure 12 h^-1 at all times. After minor layout modifications to the isolation rooms and the use of hybrid ventilation, calculations showed the air change rate fell below 12 h^-1 only 6% of the time in Aabenraa and 5% in Grantham. For Grantham, CFD was also used to examine the effects of local mountain and sea breezes; with the modified layout, average air change rates were about 37 h^-1 (mountain breeze) and 18 h^-1 (sea breeze). The findings indicate that natural ventilation can substantially contribute to isolation room ventilation, but robust performance depends on targeted design adjustments and hybrid operation.
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