Local wind to heat integration: A techno-economic analysis of wind to heat integration in the context of Aabybro District Heating
Translated title
Lokal vind til varme integration
Author
Christensen, Toke Kjær
Term
4. Term
Publication year
2019
Submitted on
2019-06-07
Pages
106
Abstract
Specialet undersøger, hvordan lokal vindkraft kan integreres i Aabybro Fjernvarmesystem til at levere varme og derved reducere systemomkostninger og biomasseforbrug. Med udgangspunkt i de gældende lovgivningsmæssige og institutionelle rammer analyseres otte scenarier, der dækker tre tilslutningsmuligheder: fuldt nettilsluttet (med gældende afgifter og tariffer), delvist tilsluttet (reduceret tarif og uden afgifter, med og uden salg af overskydende el) samt ø-drift (direkte sammenkobling uden offentlig nettilslutning). Scenarierne kombinerer én ny forventet og én eksisterende vindmølle med elkedler og varmepumper, og den årlige vindproduktion modelleres i windPRO, mens driften af fjernvarmesystemet modelleres i energyPRO; derudover bidrager interviews til at belyse praktiske og regulatoriske forhold. Analysen peger på, at den sæsonmæssige variation i vind passer overvejende med varmebehovet, og at de fleste scenarier kan reducere både driftsomkostninger og biomasseforbrug. Samtidig udfordres forretningscasen af relativt høje investeringer i et referencesystem domineret af biomasse og solvarme med lav marginal omkostning; investering i den eksisterende mølle rummer et mindre, men usikkert potentiale. Lokalt ejerskab kan styrke accept, mens uklar regulering, tilladelser, timing og tekniske forhold kan udgøre barrierer. Resultaterne antyder, at potentialet kan være større i fjernvarmesystemer, hvor produktionen ikke primært er baseret på afgiftsfritaget biomasse og sol, og at justeringer af afgifts- og tarifstrukturer kan være nødvendige for at realisere værdien af vind-til-varme.
This thesis examines how local wind power can be integrated into the Aabybro district heating system to supply heat and thereby reduce system costs and biomass consumption. Within current Danish regulatory and institutional conditions, eight scenarios are assessed across three grid-connection options: fully connected (with existing taxes and tariffs), partially connected (reduced tariff and no taxes, with and without selling surplus electricity), and islanded operation (direct coupling without public grid connection). The scenarios combine one planned new and one existing wind turbine with electric boilers and heat pumps; annual wind output is modeled using windPRO and district heating operations using energyPRO, supplemented by interviews to identify practical and regulatory issues. The analysis indicates that seasonal wind availability broadly aligns with heat demand, and most scenarios can lower operating costs and biomass use. However, high upfront investments challenge the business case in a reference system dominated by low-marginal-cost biomass and solar thermal; investing in the existing turbine shows modest but uncertain potential. Opportunities include increased local acceptance through local ownership, while barriers relate to regulatory ambiguity, permitting and timing, and technical challenges. The findings suggest wind-to-heat may be more attractive in systems not primarily based on tax-exempt biomass and solar, and that tax and tariff reforms may be needed to unlock its value.
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