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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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Is electric bus the only way? Looking at hybrid trolleybuses as a path for more efficient electrification of public transport

Author

Term

4. term

Publication year

2020

Abstract

Electric vehicles in public transport cost more than those with internal combustion engines, but they deliver major environmental and social benefits and directly support climate goals, making electrification urgent. The key question is which vehicle type is most suitable. Battery-electric buses are being rolled out widely, yet their limited range, charging times, and operating constraints can raise costs and hinder large-scale deployment. Trolleybuses avoid some of these issues but require expensive overhead wire infrastructure. As an alternative, in-motion charging with hybrid trolleybuses has emerged: vehicles draw power from overhead wires while driving and use onboard batteries on sections without wires. This thesis assesses the feasibility and potential of hybrid trolleybuses based on experience from the Berlin-Spandau network and a critical review of local data. Considering lifecycle costs and environmental sustainability, the study confirms that hybrid trolleybuses are a cost-effective solution and can be recommended as the default approach to electrifying the public transport network.

El-køretøjer i den kollektive trafik koster mere end køretøjer med forbrændingsmotor, men giver store miljømæssige og sociale gevinster og understøtter klimamål. Derfor er elektrificering presserende. Den centrale opgave er at vælge den mest egnede køretøjstype. Batterielektriske busser udbredes i stigende grad, men begrænset rækkevidde, ladetider og driftskrav kan øge omkostningerne og gøre det svært at skalere. Trolleybusser undgår nogle af disse begrænsninger, men kræver dyr køreledningsinfrastruktur. Som alternativ er konceptet in-motion charging med hybrid-trolleybusser opstået: køretøjerne får strøm fra køreledninger under kørsel og bruger batteri på strækninger uden ledninger. Denne afhandling undersøger gennemførlighed og potentiale for hybrid-trolleybusser med udgangspunkt i erfaringer fra netværket i Berlin-Spandau og en kritisk drøftelse af de lokale data. Med fokus på både livscyklusomkostninger og miljømæssig bæredygtighed bekræfter studiet, at hybrid-trolleybusser er en omkostningseffektiv løsning, som kan anbefales som standard for elektrificering af den kollektive trafik.

[This apstract has been rewritten with the help of AI based on the project's original abstract]