Increase of SPV Penetration in LV Grids by Smart Charging of EVs: the Italian Scenario

Carollo, Riccardo

4. term

Energy Engineering, Master

2015

2015-05-27

86

Det er udfordrende at tilslutte mange solcelleanlæg (PV) til lokale lavspændingsnet, fordi nettet møder tekniske begrænsninger: spændingen kan blive for høj eller for lav, især for enden af radiale ledninger, udstyr kan overbelastes, og der kan opstå ubalance mellem faserne. Dette speciale undersøger, om elbiler (EV’er) i de samme lavspændingsnet kan afhjælpe sådanne flaskehalse og dermed øge, hvor meget sol hver lavspændingskreds kan håndtere uden driftsproblemer, med et italiensk casestudie som eksempel. Der vurderes flere ladestrategier for EV’er. Nogle af dem afspejler dagens vilkår for italienske husholdninger, såsom tidsdifferentierede tariffer (priser, der varierer over døgnet) og nettoafregning (kreditering for overskydende sol). Andre ser på mulige fremtidige tiltag: ladere med spændingsdroop-styring (automatisk justering af ladeeffekt efter lokal spænding), realtidspriser i distributionsnettet og Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), hvor elbiler kan levere strøm tilbage til nettet. Tilsammen illustrerer disse scenarier, hvordan EV’er kan hjælpe lavspændingsnet med at integrere mere solenergi.

Connecting a lot of rooftop solar (photovoltaics, PV) to neighborhood low-voltage grids is challenging because local networks hit technical limits: voltages can swing too high or low at the ends of street-level lines, equipment can overload, and the three phases can become unbalanced. This thesis examines whether electric vehicles (EVs) in the same low-voltage networks could ease these bottlenecks and let each feeder host more PV without violations, using an Italian case study as an example. It evaluates several EV charging strategies. Some reflect today’s conditions for Italian households, such as time-of-day tariffs (prices that vary by hour) and net metering (credit for exported solar). Others consider plausible future options: EV chargers with voltage droop control (automatically adjusting charging as local voltage rises or falls), real-time pricing in the distribution network, and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), where EVs can return power to the grid. Together, these scenarios illustrate how EVs could support higher solar adoption in low-voltage networks.

[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]

EV ; PV ; LV ; smart charging ; DLMP ; V2G ; distribution ; Italian

Download
View record in AAU Student Projects