Incidence and epidemiology on fractures of the foot
Authors
Rasmussen, Christian Grundtvig Refstrup ; Jørgensen, Søren Benfeldt
Term
5. Term (Master thesis)
Education
Publication year
2018
Abstract
Formål: Dette epidemiologiske studie giver opdateret viden om, hvor ofte fodfrakturer opstår i en stor, veldefineret befolkningsgruppe på tværs af alle aldre over seks år. Vi beskriver også, hvor bruddene sad i foden, hvordan de opstod, og hvem der blev ramt. Metode: Retrospektivt kohortestudie af alle patienter i Region Nord diagnosticeret med en eller flere fodfrakturer fra 1. januar 2005 til 31. december 2010. Alle journaler og billeddiagnostiske undersøgelser blev gennemgået manuelt. Rapporteringen fulgte STROBE-retningslinjer for observationsstudier. Resultater: Der blev registreret 5.912 fodfrakturer hos 4.938 patienter. Incidensen (nye tilfælde pr. 100.000 personer pr. år) var 142,3 samlet, 130,2 for kvinder og 185,1 for mænd. Gennemsnitsalderen var 36,1 år (kvinder 41,3; mænd 31,3). Incidensen var cirka 50% højere om sommeren (juni–august) end om vinteren (december–februar). Begge køn havde højest incidens i alderen 10–19 år (kvinder 201,4; mænd 296,9 pr. 100.000/år). Hos kvinder sås en mindre, sekundær top i alderen 60–69 år (148,9), mens incidensen hos mænd faldt næsten kontinuerligt efter 20-årsalderen. De hyppigste brud var i 5. mellemfodsknogle (5. metatars) og storetå (1. tå). Langt de fleste frakturer skyldtes lavenergi-traumer, fx vrid og fald fra egen højde. Incidensen varierede kun lidt fra år til år. Konklusion: I denne population var incidensen af fodfrakturer 142,3 pr. 100.000/år over seks år. 5. metatars havde den højeste individuelle incidens, og de fleste brud skyldtes lavenergi-traumer.
Aim: This epidemiological study provides updated estimates of how often foot fractures occur in a large, well-defined population across all ages over six years. We also describe where fractures occurred in the foot, how they happened, and who was affected. Methods: Retrospective cohort of all patients in Region Nord diagnosed with one or more foot fractures from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2010. Medical charts and imaging were reviewed manually. Reporting followed STROBE guidelines for observational studies. Results: We recorded 5,912 foot fractures in 4,938 patients. Incidence (new cases per 100,000 persons per year) was 142.3 overall, 130.2 in women, and 185.1 in men. Mean age was 36.1 years (women 41.3; men 31.3). Incidence was about 50% higher in summer (June–August) than in winter (December–February). The highest incidence was at ages 10–19 in both sexes (women 201.4; men 296.9 per 100,000/year). In women there was a smaller second peak at ages 60–69 (148.9), whereas in men incidence declined almost steadily after age 20. The most common fractures were of the 5th metatarsal (a midfoot bone) and the big toe (1st toe). Most fractures were caused by low-energy trauma, such as twists and falls from standing height. Year-to-year variation in incidence was small. Conclusion: In this population, the incidence of foot fractures was 142.3 per 100,000/year over six years. The 5th metatarsal had the highest individual incidence, and most fractures were due to low-energy trauma.
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