Author(s)
Term
4. term
Publication year
2015
Submitted on
2015-06-08
Pages
210 pages
Abstract
Formålet med dette speciale er at svare på spørgsmålet: ”Hvad påvirker funktionaliteten og leveret termisk komfort for ventilationssystemer med diffus loftindblæsning?” Dette er undersøgt ved anvendelse af to overordnede metoder: • gennem to feltforsøg i klasseværelser under faktiske driftsbetingelser • gennem 70 fuldskala laboratorieforsøg, der kvantificerer, hvordan loftindblæsningsarealet påvirker kølekapaciteten, den termiske komfort samt luftstrømningsmønsteret i rum med ventilation ved diffus loftindblæsning Forsøgene viser, hvordan høje kølekapaciteter (over 130W/m2) kan opnås samtidig med, at termisk komfort kategori B overholdes. Denne type ventilationssystemer er i stand til levere høje ventilationsrater (luftskifter fra 6-16 h−1) med minimal trækrisiko grundet anvendelsen af store indblæsningsarealer sammenlignet med traditionelle ventilationssystemer. Kombinationen af ventilationsmængde og temperaturforskel, der udgør kølekapaciteten, er givet i form af en design-kurve for tre forskellige diffuse loftindblæsningsarealer (18 %, 50 % og 100 % diffust loftindblæsningsareal). En korrelationsundersøgelse af vigtige designparametre viser, hvordan luftstrømningsmønsteret hovedsageligt er domineret af varmekilderne (opdriftskrafter) men også påvirket af indblæsningsimpulsen for alle normale ventilationsmængder. Således beskrives strømningsmønsteret bedre af Arkimedes tal end af Reynolds tal. Der er ikke fundet nogen signifikant sammenhæng mellem strømningsmønsteret og loftindblæsningsarealet. Herudover er der observeret total opblanding af rumluft i såvel feltforsøg som i laboratorieforsøg. Denne opblanding samt forvarmningen af friskluftsindtaget, der sker over det nedhængte loft, er fundet at være en funktion af Arkimedes tal samt loftsindblæsningsarealet. Numeriske analyser med CFD er forsøgt anvendt til et bredt parametervariationsstudie af robustheden i designet af diffuse lofsindblæsningssystemer, men den numeriske model viste sig ugyldig i forhold til at beskrive fluidbevægelsen.
The scope of this thesis is to answer the question: "What influences the functionality and delivered indoor thermal comfort of a diffuse ceiling ventilation system?" This endeavour is pursued by means of two overall methodologies; • through two field study experiments in classrooms during true operating conditions • through 70 full-scale laboratory experiments quantifying how the supply opening area influences the cooling capacity, thermal comfort and airflow pattern in rooms with DCV Investigations show how high cooling capacities (above 130W/m2) can be achieved while still complying with thermal comfort category B. DCV systems are capable of delivering high ventilation rates (from 6-16 h−1) with minimal risk of draught due to the application of large supply opening areas compared to conventional ventilation systems. The combination of ventilation rate and inlet air temperature comprising the cooling capacity is given in terms of a design chart for three different supply opening areas (18%, 50% and 100% diffuse ceiling area). Correlation of important parameters in DCV system design show how the airflow pattern is mainly heat load dominated but also affected by ventilation inlet momentum for all typical ventilation rates, hence airflow patterns are better described by Archimedes number than Reynolds number. Furthermore, it is found that total mixing of room air is effectuated both during true operation conditions and in experiments. This mixing, as well as the preheating capabilities of the inlet air while passing through the plenum volume, is also found to be a function of Archimedes number. Numerical predictions using CFD is attempted applied for a broad parametric study investigating the robustness of system critical parameters towards changes in the boundary conditions, however, the numerical model proved invalid in describing the fluid mechanical system.
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