Greenland compliance with the ILO 169 and UNDRIP
Authors
Huerta Morales, Alberto ; Perez Garcia, Aixa Maria
Term
4. Term
Publication year
2017
Submitted on
2017-06-01
Pages
53
Abstract
I 2009 gav Selvstyreloven Grønland en ramme for på sigt at kunne blive en selvstændig stat. Det kræver dog økonomisk selvforsørgelse, hvilket Grønland endnu ikke har opnået. Udnyttelse af mineralressourcer fremhæves ofte som vejen til denne målsætning. To centrale internationale instrumenter sætter rammen for oprindelige folks rettigheder: ILO‑konvention nr. 169 (ILO 169) og FN’s erklæring om oprindelige folks rettigheder (UNDRIP). De omsætter menneskerettigheder til regler, der tager højde for oprindelige folks særlige situation. Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan ILO 169 og UNDRIP er implementeret i Grønland. Casen er valgt, fordi en stor del af befolkningen identificerer sig som inuit (en anerkendt oprindelig befolkning), fordi der er en udvikling mod øgede mineralaktiviteter, og fordi Grønland har tilsluttet sig både ILO 169 og UNDRIP. Metodisk fortolker, begrebsliggør og omsætter studiet bestemmelserne i ILO 169 og UNDRIP til konkrete forpligtelser for grønlandske myndigheder. Disse forpligtelser vurderes på baggrund af primære kilder (interviews) og sekundære kilder (relevant national lovgivning, herunder Råstofloven, samt historiske kilder). Analysen fokuserer på, om Grønlands Selvstyre respekterer, beskytter og opfylder forpligtelser vedrørende frit, forudgående og informeret samtykke (FPIC), jord og naturressourcer, konsultationer, deltagelse og udvikling samt selvbestemmelse.
In 2009, the Self-Government Act gave Greenland a framework for eventual statehood. However, independence requires economic self-sufficiency, which Greenland has not yet achieved. Developing mineral resources is often presented as a pathway to this goal. Two key international standards shape the rights of indigenous peoples: ILO Convention No. 169 (ILO 169) and the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). They translate human rights into rules tailored to the specific circumstances of indigenous peoples. This thesis examines how ILO 169 and UNDRIP are implemented in Greenland. The case is chosen because a large share of the population identifies as Inuit (a recognized indigenous people), because mineral activities are expected to increase, and because Greenland has endorsed both ILO 169 and UNDRIP. Methodologically, the study interprets, conceptualizes, and turns the provisions of ILO 169 and UNDRIP into concrete obligations for Greenlandic authorities. It then assesses these obligations using primary sources (interviews) and secondary sources (relevant national legislation, including the Mineral Resource Act, and historical records). The analysis focuses on whether the Government of Greenland respects, protects, and fulfills obligations related to Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC), land and natural resources, consultations, participation and development, and self-determination.
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
Keywords
Documents