Exploiting the fusion between BIM and IoT : A study on available innovative technologies and their economic assessment for investment decision-making.
Authors
Hedayat Nejad, Reza ; Marin, Adrian Marius ; Papaoikonomou, Ioannis
Term
4. term
Publication year
2017
Submitted on
2017-06-07
Pages
100
Abstract
Dette speciale undersøger, hvordan Building Information Management (BIM) og Internet of Things (IoT) kan supplere hinanden for at forbedre byggeprojekters resultater. BIM forstås som en digital metode til at organisere og dele bygningsdata på tværs af projektets aktører, mens IoT er et netværk af forbundne enheder og sensorer, der indsamler og sender data fra byggepladsen. Tre områder blev identificeret som afgørende for projektets performance: projektplanlægning, fejl (kvalitet) samt arbejdsmiljø og sikkerhed. Specialet vurderer tre IoT-baserede teknologier som midler til at reducere risici og fejl: drone-laserscanning, fotogrammetri og RFID (radiofrekvensidentifikation). Drone-laserscanning bruger droner til at opfange præcise 3D-målinger, fotogrammetri skaber 3D-modeller ud fra billeder, og RFID gør det muligt at spore materialer og udstyr med mærkede chips. Der blev udviklet implementeringsscenarier, der integrerer disse teknologier i BIM-arbejdsgange, og som viser den ekstra værdi for de tre fokusområder. Specialet adresserer også beslutningstageres tøven med at investere, både på grund af omkostninger til hardware og software og nødvendige ændringer i drift og rapportering. En cost-benefit-analyse viser, at selv om startomkostningerne er betydelige, forventes investeringen at blive rentabel senest i andet driftsår.
This thesis examines how Building Information Management (BIM) and the Internet of Things (IoT) can complement each other to improve construction project performance. BIM is presented as a digital approach to organizing and sharing building data across project teams, while IoT refers to networks of connected devices and sensors that collect and transmit data from the site. Three areas were identified as critical to performance: project planning, defects (quality), and health and safety. The study evaluates three IoT-enabled technologies as ways to reduce risks and errors: drone laser scanning, photogrammetry, and RFID (radio-frequency identification). Drone laser scanning uses drones to capture precise 3D measurements, photogrammetry creates 3D models from images, and RFID tracks materials and equipment with tagged chips. Implementation scenarios were developed to integrate these technologies into BIM workflows, illustrating added value in the three focus areas. The thesis also addresses decision-makers’ reluctance to adopt these tools due to upfront hardware and software costs and the operational changes required for new processes and reporting. A cost–benefit analysis indicates that although initial costs are significant, the investment is expected to become profitable by the second year of operation at the latest.
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