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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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Evaluating the Impact of Earnings Calls on Stock Returns in Different Sectors in the Nordic Markets

Author

Term

4. semester

Publication year

2025

Abstract

This thesis examines how stock prices in Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and Norway react to quarterly earnings announcements, and whether reactions differ across countries and sectors. A panel dataset of listed firms on the OMX Stockholm, OMX Helsinki, OMX Copenhagen, and Oslo Børs exchanges is constructed, and a classical event-study design is used to measure abnormal returns. Expected returns are estimated with the CAPM; abnormal and cumulative abnormal returns are computed over several short windows around the disclosure date, with firm betas estimated over 60 trading days. CARs are aggregated by country and sector, and differences are analyzed using cross-sectional OLS (with Finland as the reference) and panel regressions with firm fixed effects. Post hoc tests (Tukey's HSD) assess whether country-level differences are statistically significant. The results consistently show statistically significant negative cumulative abnormal returns following earnings announcements, especially in Denmark, Finland, and Norway, while Swedish firms display weaker—and at times positive—reactions relative to the sample mean. Industry-level analysis adds nuance, with sectors such as Energy and Consumer Non-Cyclicals appearing more sensitive to earnings news. The findings indicate cross-country differences in market efficiency and investor behavior and highlight the importance of country- and industry-specific factors for price discovery; they are relevant to investors, regulators, and academics.

Dette speciale undersøger, hvordan aktiekurser i Danmark, Sverige, Finland og Norge reagerer på kvartalsvise regnskabsmeddelelser, og om reaktionerne varierer på tværs af lande og sektorer. Der opbygges et paneldatasæt for børsnoterede selskaber på OMX Stockholm, OMX Helsinki, OMX København og Oslo Børs, og et klassisk begivenhedsstudie anvendes til at måle abnorme afkast. Forventede afkast estimeres med CAPM; abnorme afkast og kumulerede abnorme afkast beregnes i flere korte vinduer omkring offentliggørelsesdatoen, med virksomhedsspecifikke betaer estimeret over 60 handelsdage. CAR aggregeres efter land og sektor, og forskelle analyseres med tværsnits-OLS (Finland som reference) samt panelregressioner med faste virksomhedseffekter. Post hoc-tests (Tukeys HSD) vurderer, om landeforskelle er statistisk signifikante. Resultaterne viser gennemgående statistisk signifikante negative kumulerede abnorme afkast efter regnskabsmeddelelser, særligt i Danmark, Finland og Norge, mens svenske selskaber udviser svagere – til tider positive – reaktioner relativt til gennemsnittet. Brancheniveauet nuancerer billedet, idet bl.a. Energi og Forbrug ikke-cyklisk fremstår mere følsomme over for regnskabsnyheder. Fundene peger på forskelle i markeds­effektivitet og investoradfærd på tværs af nordiske markeder og understreger betydningen af landespecifikke og branchespecifikke forhold for prisdannelsen; de er relevante for investorer, tilsynsmyndigheder og forskere.

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