AAU Student Projects - visit Aalborg University's student projects portal
A master's thesis from Aalborg University
Book cover


European Union - Russia relations after the annexation of Crimea: Confirmation of Neorealism?

Author

Term

4. term

Publication year

2016

Submitted on

Pages

51

Abstract

This thesis examines whether neorealism can provide a coherent explanation of European Union–Russia relations after the annexation of Crimea. It starts from post–Cold War expectations of greater cooperation, which were challenged by the Ukraine crisis, EU sanctions on Russia, and a sharp deterioration in relations. The study applies offensive neorealism (Mearsheimer), focusing on anarchy, uncertainty, and the security dilemma. Methodologically, it offers a chronological analysis of key milestones and policy texts: the 1990s (the 1997 Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, the EU’s 1999 Common Strategy on Russia, and Russia’s 1999 Medium-Term Strategy), 2000–2004 (the Four Common Spaces, the 2004 EU enlargement, the European Neighbourhood Policy, and the Orange Revolution), 2005–2014 (gas disputes, the 2008 Russo-Georgian war, the Eastern Partnership, the Eurasian Customs Union, and the 2013 Vilnius summit), and the 2013–2014 escalation (Euromaidan, Yanukovych’s fall, the annexation of Crimea, and the war in Donbass). The thesis assesses whether EU enlargement and neighbourhood initiatives were perceived as pressure on Russia’s sphere of influence and whether neorealist concepts better account for the gradual shift from cooperation to conflict. The excerpt does not include final findings, but outlines a framework to evaluate neorealism’s explanatory power and to consider possible future trajectories.

Denne afhandling undersøger, om neorealisme kan give en sammenhængende forklaring på forholdet mellem Den Europæiske Union og Rusland efter annekteringen af Krim. Udgangspunktet er den postkolde krigs forventninger om øget samarbejde, der blev udfordret af Ukraine-krisen, sanktioner mod Rusland og en markant forværring af relationerne. Teoretisk anvendes offensiv neorealisme (Mearsheimer) med fokus på anarki, usikkerhed og sikkerhedsdilemmaet. Metodisk gennemføres en kronologisk analyse af centrale milepæle og politiske dokumenter: 1990’erne (Partnerskabs- og samarbejdsaftalen fra 1997, EU’s fælles Rusland-strategi og Ruslands mellemfristede strategi fra 1999), 2000–2004 (De fire fælles rum, EU-udvidelsen i 2004, den europæiske naboskabspolitik og den Orange Revolution), 2005–2014 (gasdisputter, krigen i Georgien 2008, Det Østlige Partnerskab, Den Eurasiske Toldunion og topmødet i Vilnius 2013) samt eskalationen i 2013–2014 (Euromajdan, Yanukovychs fald, annekteringen af Krim og krigen i Donbass). Afhandlingen vurderer, om EU’s udvidelser og naboskabsinitiativer kan ses som pres på Ruslands indflydelsessfære, og om neorealismens begreber bedre forklarer det gradvise skifte fra samarbejde til konflikt. Uddraget indeholder ikke de endelige resultater, men skitserer en ramme for at bedømme neorealismens forklaringskraft og for at give et perspektiv på mulige fremtidige udviklinger.

[This apstract has been generated with the help of AI directly from the project full text]