Cost-Efficient Operation of Heat Pump Pools: Optimisation and operation from the perspective of a German aggregator
Translated title
Cost-Efficient Operation of Heat Pump Pools
Author
Triebel, Marc-Andre
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2017
Submitted on
2017-06-01
Pages
102
Abstract
Begrænsning af klimaforandringer og lavere drivhusgasudledninger fra bygningssektoren kræver, at der installeres flere varmepumper i Tyskland. Et muligt incitament er at sænke eludgiften ved drift af varmepumper. Denne kandidatafhandling bruger simulationer til at undersøge, om en centralt koordineret gruppe (en pool) på 284 varmepumper kan drives mere omkostningseffektivt. I scenariet styrer en aggregator (en central aktør, der planlægger driften) de 284 varmepumper. Hver dag udfører aggregatoren en lineær programmeringsoptimering for næste døgn og køber den planlagte elforbrugsprofil på EPEX day-ahead spotmarkedet (et marked, hvor næste dags el handles time for time). Optimeringen bygger på en lagermodel og respekterer poolens tilgængelige fleksibilitet. Målet er at flytte en del af elforbruget til timer med lavere pris under hensyn til effektiviteten af lastforskydning. Den resulterende drift viser et karakteristisk lastforskydningsmønster i tråd med tidligere forskning: forbrug flyttes delvist til lavprisperioder. For at få den faktiske drift til at følge den købte plan bruger aggregatoren en poolcontroller, der påvirker de enkelte varmepumper ved at sende SG-Ready triggersignaler (styresignaler, der kan skifte driftstilstande). Ved at bruge forskellige signaler kan controlleren få poolen til at følge den optimerede profil. Den opnåede nøjagtighed er høj: forskellen i relativt årligt elforbrug mellem plan og faktisk drift er omkring 1%.
Limiting climate change and cutting greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector will require more heat pumps to be installed in Germany. One way to encourage this is to lower the electricity cost of operating heat pumps. This master’s thesis uses simulations to examine whether a centrally coordinated group (pool) of 284 heat pumps can be run more cost‑effectively. In the scenario, an aggregator (a central operator that plans the operation) manages the 284 heat pumps. Each day, the aggregator performs a linear programming optimization for the next 24 hours and purchases the resulting electricity consumption profile on the EPEX day‑ahead spot market (a market where electricity for the next day is traded by the hour). The optimization is based on a storage model and is constrained by the pool’s available flexibility. The goal is to shift part of the electricity use to hours with lower prices while accounting for the efficiency of load shifting. The resulting operation shows a characteristic load‑shifting pattern consistent with earlier studies: some consumption moves to low‑price periods. To align actual operation with the purchased plan, the aggregator uses a pool controller that influences individual heat pumps by sending SG‑Ready trigger signals (control signals that can switch operating modes). By using different signals, the controller can steer the pool to follow the optimized trajectory. The achieved accuracy is high: the difference in relative annual electricity consumption between the plan and the realized operation is around 1%.
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
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