Author(s)
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2019
Submitted on
2019-06-06
Pages
73 pages
Abstract
Industrielle netværksbaserede kontrolsystemer er traditionelt byggede på trådede forbindelser, såsom Ethernet. En af de overvejende grunde til dette er de strenge krav til latenstid og pålidelighed. Næste generation af trådløse mobilnetværk, 5G, forsøger at imødekomme dette behov med forbedringer på begge fronter. Disse forbedringer er imidlertid ikke nok til alle fremtidige behov. Wireless Isochronous Real Time communication (WIRT) er et nyligt forslået kommunikations system bygget til netværksbaserede kontrolsystemer. Bedre latenstid, pålidelighed og fokus på periodisk kommunikation er dele af WIRT som gør det egnet til de mest krævende kontrolsystemer. Denne afhandling omhandler de beregningsmæssige overvejelser der skal laves for at implementere det fysiske lag af WIRT. Det fysiske lag er baseret på Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) til Ultra-WideBand (UWB) spektrum. I forbindelse med projektet er en prototype transceiver designet og implementeret. Prototypen er integreret med UWB testudstyr for at virke som udviklingsplatform til videre arbejde på WIRT. Prototypen virker som afsæt til evaluering af hvilke dele af transceiver-designet der påvirker latenstiden mest. Delkomponenterne af systemet gennemgås for at finde den nedre grænse for latenstid, og efterfølgende estimeres den beregningsmæssige kompleksitet af hvert komponent. Baseret på dette estimat diskuteres egnede computerarkitekturer. Dekodning af den anvendte Error Correction Code (ECC) viser sig at være den største beregningskompleksitet og dermed den største kilde til forsinkelse. Den anvendte algoritme revurderes og ændres for at reducere dekodningslatenstiden til et acceptabelt niveau. Yderligere ændringer laves for at passe systemet til en rekonfigurerbar platform. Projektet konkluderes med en diskussion af brugbarhed af prototypen og fremtidige studier.
Industrial control networks have traditionally been implemented on wired connections due to latency and reliability constraints. Next-generation cellular networks include services with improvements in these areas, but the improvements are not sufficient for all targeted use cases. Wireless Isochronous Real Time communication (WIRT) is a newly proposed system that targets networked control systems with periodic transmissions and extreme latency and reliability requirements. This work highlights considerations when implementing the WIRT physical layer. The system architecture is based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) for Ultra-WideBand (UWB) spectrum. A prototype implementation is made. The implementation integrates UWB testing equipment, to serve as a testbed for further WIRT development. The implementation is used to estimate which parts of the transceiver introduce the highest latency. The minimum possible latency is determined and the computational complexity of each component is evaluated. Based on this evaluation, architectures for a latencyaccurate implementation are discussed. The decoding of Error Correction Codes (ECCs) is found to be the largest single contributor to latency. Algorithmic alterations are made to reduce the minimum decoding latency to an acceptable level, along with other considerations required for implementation on a reconfigurable logic platform. In the end considerations and further work to prove the feasibility of the system are discussed.
Keywords
WIRT ; Wireless communication ; Signal Processing ; FPGA ; UWB ; OFDM ; ECC
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