Cell Load Balancing Schemes in an Uncoordinated Heterogeneous Deploument: Power Consumption Efficiency Optimization
Authors
Mihaylov, Mihail ; Georgiev, Dimitar
Term
4. term
Publication year
2013
Submitted on
2013-06-05
Pages
55
Abstract
This thesis investigates cell load balancing schemes for LTE‑Advanced heterogeneous networks deployed without tight coordination between macro and small cells. Motivated by rising traffic and the need for more efficient use of spectrum and energy, it asks how traffic can be offloaded and radio resources shared to control interference, meet Quality of Service targets, and reduce network energy consumption. An algorithm is proposed that jointly balances cell load and manages base‑station activity to optimize energy use. The approach is assessed with system‑level simulations across scenarios with shared Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) and both inter‑cell and intra‑cell interference. Using base‑station power models, the study evaluates energy per allocated resource, user and cell throughput, and QoS compliance, and analyzes energy‑saving efficiency and reliability as functions of macro‑cell load, offloading distance, and the extent of PRB shifting between pico and macro layers. The results indicate that, under basic performance requirements, network energy consumption can be actively managed—e.g., by adapting the number of active base stations and offloading PRBs—reducing power supply costs while maintaining service quality, with noted trade‑offs among interference, additional transmit power per PRB, and throughput distribution.
Denne afhandling undersøger celle‑loadbalancering i LTE‑Advanced heterogene netværk, der er implementeret uden tæt koordinering mellem makro‑ og småceller. Med udgangspunkt i stigende datatrafik og behovet for mere effektiv udnyttelse af både spektrum og energi stilles spørgsmålet: hvordan kan trafik aflastes og radioressourcer deles, så interferens kontrolleres, Quality of Service opretholdes, og netværkets energiforbrug reduceres? Vi foreslår en algoritme, der kombinerer loadbalancering med styring af basestationsaktivitet for at optimere energiforbruget. Metoden evalueres ved systemniveau‑simulationer i scenarier med delte Physical Resource Blocks (PRB’er) og både inter‑ og intra‑celleinterferens. Ved hjælp af basestations‑strømmodeller måles energi pr. allokeret ressource, bruger‑ og cellens throughput samt overholdelse af QoS, og vi analyserer energieffektivitet og pålidelighed af energibesparelser som funktion af makrocellens belastning, aflastningsafstand og omfanget af PRB‑overførsel mellem pico‑ og makrolag. Resultaterne indikerer, at netværkets energiforbrug kan styres aktivt—fx ved at tilpasse antallet af aktive basestationer og aflaste PRB’er—så strømudgifter reduceres, samtidig med at tjenestekvaliteten fastholdes, under hensyntagen til de indbyggede kompromisser mellem interferens, ekstra sendeeffekt pr. PRB og throughput‑fordeling.
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