CCG Masters Thesis- The Relationship of China's Aid and Conditionality- Kenya as A Case Study.: The Relationship of China’s Aid and Conditionality- Kenya as Case Study
Author
Otieno, Carol Jenipher
Term
4. term
Publication year
2019
Submitted on
2019-05-31
Pages
55
Abstract
Denne afhandling forklarer, hvad udenlandsk bistand er, og hvorfor betingelser ofte følger med. Udenlandsk bistand omfatter frivillige overførsler af ressourcer, ydelser eller kapital fra rige lande til udviklingslande. Den kan også bestå af lån, som skal tilbagebetales inden for en aftalt periode, samt officiel udviklingsbistand (ODA), der skal støtte økonomisk, social, politisk eller miljømæssig udvikling. Et centralt tema er betinget bistand, også kaldet ”conditionality”, hvor donorer knytter krav til bistanden. Disse krav kan handle om god regeringsførelse, menneskerettigheder, politiske eller økonomiske reformer og fremme af demokrati. Kritikerne har i årevis diskuteret, om sådanne betingelser bruges til at udøve kontrol, og om de faktisk forbedrer vækst, reformer og fattigdomsbekæmpelse. Afhandlingen undersøger også et nyere skifte: Nogle udviklingslande, især i Afrika, søger i stigende grad bistand uden betingelser. En forklaring er utilfredshed med, at donorer forsøger at diktere styring og politiske valg. Samtidig vækker bistand uden betingelser bekymring. I lyset af den koloniale historie er mange afrikanske lande blevet kritiseret for at levere råvarer til vestlige lande, mens fattigdommen består. Der frygtes, at nye donorer uden formelle betingelser kan gentage udnyttende mønstre eller styrke korrupte ledere. Formålet er at undersøge forholdet mellem bistand og betingelser: Kan udenlandsk bistand reelt eksistere uden betingelser, og rummer den såkaldt betingelsesløse bistand skjulte dagsordener?
This thesis explains what foreign aid is and why it often comes with conditions. Foreign aid includes voluntary transfers of resources, services, or capital from wealthier to developing countries. It also covers loans that must be repaid within an agreed period, and official development assistance (ODA) intended to support economic, social, political, or environmental development. A core focus is conditionality—attaching requirements to aid. Donors may ask recipients to pursue good governance, protect human rights, enact political or economic reforms, and promote democracy. For years, critics have debated whether such conditions serve as tools of control and whether they consistently deliver growth, reforms, and poverty reduction. The thesis also examines a recent shift: some developing countries, especially in Africa, are turning to aid that is not tied to conditions. One reason is frustration with donor-driven governance and policy prescriptions. At the same time, so-called no-strings aid raises concerns. Given the colonial history, many African countries have been criticized for supplying raw materials to Western countries while remaining poor. There are fears that new donors offering aid without formal conditions may repeat extractive patterns or bolster corrupt leaders. The study therefore explores the relationship between aid and conditionality: Can foreign aid genuinely exist without conditions, and do claims of unconditional aid conceal new forms of influence?
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
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