Assessment of Battery Lifetime for Power Grid Services
Author
Gomez Talero, Guillem
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2025
Abstract
Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan levetiden for et lithiumjernfosfat (LFP) batteri påvirkes, når et solcelleanlæg leverer netydelser i overensstemmelse med den systemansvarliges (TSO) krav i Danmark (Energinet). Udgangspunktet er den voksende andel af vedvarende energi og behovet for at udjævne deres variabilitet i hybride kraftværker med batterilagring. Det centrale forskningsspørgsmål er, hvordan forskellige driftsprofiler – primær frekvensregulering (Frequency Containment Reserve, FCR), kapacitetsfirming (effektudjævning) med 15-minutters planlægningsskridt samt en kombination af begge – påvirker kapacitetsfald og dermed batteriets levetid. Metoden omfatter et modellerings- og vurderingsrammeværk med et livstids-/degradationsmodel, der anvender et reelt étårigt missionsprofil for netfrekvens, solindstråling og temperatur. Batteriets slutning af levetid defineres ved 20% kapacitetstab. Resultaterne viser, at under de betragtede tjenester er den forventede levetid omkring fem år, med mindre variationer mellem tjenesterne. Arbejdet giver tekniske indsigter, der kan understøtte dimensionering og fremtidige økonomiske vurderinger, om end en egentlig økonomisk analyse ligger uden for projektets scope.
This thesis examines how the lifetime of a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery is affected when a photovoltaic plant provides grid services in compliance with the Transmission System Operator (TSO) requirements in Denmark (Energinet). Motivated by the growing share of renewables and the need to mitigate their variability in hybrid power plants with storage, the core research question is how different operating profiles—primary frequency regulation (Frequency Containment Reserve, FCR), capacity firming with 15-minute scheduling steps, and a combination of both—impact capacity fade and thus battery lifetime. The approach implements a modeling and assessment framework with a lifetime/degradation model using a real one-year mission profile of grid frequency, solar irradiance, and temperature. Battery end of life is defined at 20% capacity loss. The findings indicate an expected lifetime of about five years across the considered services, with small differences between service types. The work provides technical insights to inform sizing and future cost assessments, while a detailed economic analysis remains outside the project scope.
[This summary has been generated with the help of AI directly from the project (PDF)]
Keywords
Documents