Kunstig Intelligens i Vidensarbejde: Et Psykologisk Perspektiv

Abstract

I den moderne tidsalder er kunstig intelligens (KI) blevet så avanceret, at den kan implementeres i forskellige typer organisationer. Dette har tiltrukket sig opmærksomhed fra både økonomer og samfundsvidenskabere, som ønsker at undersøge virkningerne af KI på arbejdspladsen. Et problem i denne forbindelse er, at mange moderne forskningsartikler ikke undersøger eller interviewer arbejdere, der faktisk bruger KI dagligt, hvilket gør fortolkningen af deres resultater i forhold til den faktiske situation for arbejdere, der bruger KI, problematisk. Denne afhandling forsøger først teoretisk at forklare den potentielle implementering og anvendelighed af KI i moderne videnintensive organisationer, da dens fundamentale struktur er baseret på menneskelige neurale netværk og kognition. Derefter undersøger afhandlingen empirisk virkningen af kunstig intelligens på vidensarbejdere i to danske organisationer, der bruger KI dagligt. Fem semistrukturerede interviews blev gennemført for at få indsigt i arbejdernes erfaringer og virkningerne af at bruge KI i vidensarbejde. Resultaterne viser, at KI resulterer i øget effektivitet både på grund af muligheden for at overtage visse opgaver og evnen til at stimulere kognition og generere ideer. KI synes at kunne påvirke organisatoriske strukturer ved at være en mere bekvem kilde til sparring om arbejdsopgaver sammenlignet med kolleger og ledere, hvilket yderligere diskuteres for dets potentiale til at øge isolation af arbejdere i det organisatoriske netværk. Desuden, på trods af at vidensarbejdere ikke frygter, at KI vil overtage deres jobs, finder afhandlingen en tendens til, at arbejdere underminerer KI's kapaciteter og i stedet fremhæver og understreger vigtigheden af bløde færdigheder, hvilket gør arbejderne uundværlige for organisationen. Det diskuteres, om denne tendens blot er en repræsentation af deres faktiske erfaringer eller en strategi til at bevare professionel værdighed i lyset af, at KI kan overtage dele af vidensarbejdet.

In the recent modern age, artificial intelligence (AI) has become advanced to a degree, which allows it to be implemented in different types of organizations. This has attracted the attention of economists and social scientists alike in order to investigate the effects of AI in the workplace. An issue on this behalf is due to the fact, that many modern research papers do not investigate or interview workers that are actually using AI on a daily basis, making the interpretation of their results as they relate to actual situation of workers using AI, troublesome. The current thesis first attempts to theoretically explain the potential implementation and potential usefulness of AI in modern knowledge-intensive organizations due to its fundamental structure being based on human neural networks and cognition. Thereafter, the thesis empirically investigates the impact of artificial intelligence on knowledge workers in two Danish organizations, who use AI on a daily basis. Five semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to gain insight into the experiences of the workers and the effects of using AI in knowledge work. The findings indicate that AI results in increased efficiency both due to the possibility of taking over certain tasks, but also the ability to stimulate cognition and generating ideas. AI seems able to affect organizational structures by being a more convenient source of sparring about work-assignments compared to colleagues and leaders, which is further discussed for its potential to increase isolation of workers in the organizational network. Furthermore, despite knowledge workers not being afraid of AI taking over their jobs, the thesis finds a tendency for workers to undermine the capabilities of AI and instead promote and stress the importance of soft skills, which makes the workers indispensable to the organization. It is discussed whether this tendency is simply a representation of their actual experiences or a strategy to preserve professional dignity, in the face of AI being able to take over parts of the knowledge work.

A master thesis from Aalborg University

Kunstig Intelligens i Vidensarbejde: Et Psykologisk Perspektiv

[Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge Work: A Psychological Perspective]