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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
Book cover


Application of EPCIS for calculation of carbon emissions in food production

Author

Term

4. term

Publication year

2022

Submitted on

Pages

67

Abstract

Dette speciale undersøger, hvordan GS1-standarden Electronic Product Code Information Services (EPCIS) kan bruges til at beregne og kommunikere CO2-udledninger for detailfødevarer fra produktion til salgssted. Med udgangspunkt i spørgsmålet om, hvordan EPCIS kan muliggøre klimaregnskab for forbrugsprodukter, identificeres de væsentlige, målbare udledningskilder i fødevareforsyningskæder—dyrkning, forarbejdning, transport og lagring—og hvordan data om disse led kan indsamles og deles. Metoden kombinerer en gennemgang af den nyeste anvendelse af EPCIS, landbrugs-LCA’er og relevante mærkningsregler med en analyse af databehov i forsyningskæden, hvilket munder ud i et EPCIS-tillæg med emissionsattributter og en softwarearkitektur til indsamling, krydsreference og aggregering af data på trin-niveau. Et beregningsinterface og en prototype implementeres med simulerede data, offentlige referencefaktorer (fx el og transport) og produktoplysninger for at beregne udledning pr. enhed. Projektets afgrænsning er CO2 (med CO2-ækvivalenter som kontekst) og udelukker forbrugeraffald og emballagens slutliv, så fokus ligger på forudsigelige, målbare trin. Selvom der ikke indgår afprøvning i praksis, bidrager projektet med en praktisk tilgang og en prototype, der sammenstiller emissionsdata langs værdikæden til et samlet klimaaftryk for et detailprodukt og understøtter gennemsigtighed for virksomheder og forbrugere.

This thesis explores how the GS1 Electronic Product Code Information Services (EPCIS) standard can be used to calculate and communicate the carbon emissions of retail food items from production to the point of sale. Guided by the question of how EPCIS can enable emissions accounting for consumer products, the work identifies principal, measurable sources of emissions in food supply chains—growing, processing, transportation and storage—and examines how data about these stages can be captured and shared. The methodology combines a review of state-of-the-art EPCIS use, agricultural life-cycle assessments and relevant labelling practices with an analysis of supply-chain data needs, leading to the design of an EPCIS extension that carries emissions attributes and a software architecture for collecting, cross-referencing and aggregating stage-level data. A calculation interface and prototype are implemented using simulated data, public reference factors (e.g., electricity and transport) and product information to compute per-unit impacts. The scope focuses on carbon dioxide (with CO2-equivalents as context) and excludes consumer waste and packaging end-of-life, concentrating on predictable, measurable steps. While not evaluating real-world deployments, the project contributes a practical approach and a prototype that assemble emissions data along the value chain to produce an overall footprint for a retail product, supporting transparency for businesses and consumers.

[This summary has been generated with the help of AI directly from the project (PDF)]