Anvendelse af OECD's TPG 2017 og COVID-19 Guidance under COVID-19 pandemien og TP udfordringerne hermed
Oversat titel
The application of the OECD's TPG 2017 and the COVID-19 Guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the TP challenges thereby
Forfattere
Vernersen, Caroline ; Andreasen, Laura Trudslev
Semester
4. semester
Uddannelse
Udgivelsesår
2021
Afleveret
2021-05-18
Resumé
Dette speciale undersøger, hvilke særlige transfer pricing-udfordringer multinationale koncerner med et dansk principalselskab stod over for i 2020–2021 under COVID-19-pandemien, når immaterielle aktiver overføres som led i interne omstruktureringer. Formålet er både at identificere udfordringerne og at vurdere, om OECD’s Transfer Pricing Guidelines 2017 (TPG 2017) sammen med OECD’s COVID-19 Guidance fra december 2020 giver tilstrækkelig vejledning om armslængdeprincippet, immaterielle aktiver og interne omstruktureringer. Specialet bygger på en teoretisk gennemgang af relevante kapitler i TPG 2017, rådgiveres observationer og en illustrativ fiktiv virksomhedscase (FlyTech) for at vise praktisk anvendelse. Analysen peger på betydelige vanskeligheder med sammenlignelighedsanalyser i 2020–2021 pga. manglende aktuelle markedsdata, at vejledningen tillader allokering af COVID-19-specifikke omkostninger og tab til lavrisikoenheder og at der i visse tilfælde kan lempes på enkelte sammenlignelighedsfaktorer for at fokusere på de vigtigste. COVID-19 karakteriseres som en hazard risk, men er ikke nødvendigvis force majeure i alle tilfælde. Usikkerhed om, hvordan pandemien påvirker immaterielle aktiver, gør værdiansættelsen vanskelig; prisjusteringsmekanismer nævnes som en mulig løsning, og særligt ved overførsel af DEMPE-funktioner og hard-to-value intangibles kræves skærpet opmærksomhed. Dokumentationskravene øges med krav om forklaring af pandemiens påvirkning, og myndighederne kan være skeptiske over for lav kompensation alene begrundet i COVID-19. Specialet konkluderer, at OECD’s COVID-19 Guidance giver nyttig retning, men at der er behov for yderligere præciseringer på de berørte områder og et særskilt afsnit om håndtering af immaterielle aktiver under pandemien.
This thesis examines the specific transfer pricing challenges faced by multinational enterprises with a Danish principal company in 2020–2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic when transferring intangibles as part of internal business restructurings. The aim is to identify these challenges and assess whether the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines 2017 (TPG 2017), together with the OECD’s December 2020 COVID-19 Guidance, provide sufficient direction on the arm’s length principle, intangibles, and internal restructurings. The study draws on a doctrinal analysis of relevant TPG 2017 chapters, insights from advisory literature, and an illustrative fictitious business case (FlyTech) to demonstrate practical application. Findings indicate significant difficulties in conducting comparability analyses in 2020–2021 due to the lack of timely data; the guidance allows allocation of COVID-19-specific costs and losses to limited-risk entities and, in some cases, relaxing certain comparability factors to focus on the most critical ones. COVID-19 is characterized as a hazard risk but does not automatically constitute force majeure. Uncertainty about the pandemic’s impact on intangibles complicates valuation; price adjustment mechanisms are suggested as a potential response, and transfers involving DEMPE functions and hard-to-value intangibles require heightened care. Documentation requirements increase, including explaining COVID-19’s effects, and tax authorities may be wary of low compensation justified solely by the pandemic. The thesis concludes that while the COVID-19 Guidance provides helpful direction, additional clarification is needed on covered topics and a dedicated section on managing intangibles during the pandemic would be beneficial.
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