Advanced observer for open loop control of Surface Mounted PMSM

Mipoung Dzune, Olivare

10. term

Elektronik og IT, Kandidatuddannelsen (Spec. Power Electronics and Drives)

2007

51

Projektet undersøger sensorløs styring af overflademonterede permanentmagnetmotorer (PMSM) ved nul og lave hastigheder, hvor det er særligt svært at bestemme rotorens hastighed og position uden fysiske sensorer. Sensorløs betyder her, at motorens tilstand estimeres ud fra elektriske målinger i stedet for med mekaniske sensorer. Efter en kort gennemgang af de grundlæggende principper for sensorløs styring er der udviklet to styringsmetoder i Simulink (et simuleringsmiljø). Begge metoder anvender observatører—software, der udleder uobserverede størrelser som hastighed og position ud fra de tilgængelige signaler. Simulationer med en model af en given motor viser, at begge tilgange fungerer effektivt. Yderligere tests under forskellige driftsforhold peger på, at den ene metode klarer sig særligt godt. Resultaterne viser, at både simple og mere avancerede observatører kan muliggøre pålidelig sensorløs styring ved nul og lav hastighed for overflademonterede PMSM, selv om disse motorer har meget begrænset “saliency” (dvs. kun lille variation i magnetiske egenskaber med rotorvinklen), hvilket normalt gør opgaven vanskelig.

This project explores sensorless control of surface-mounted permanent magnet motors (PMSMs) at zero and low speeds, where estimating rotor speed and position without physical sensors is especially challenging. Here, sensorless means using electrical measurements to infer motor state instead of mechanical sensors. After reviewing the basic principles of sensorless control, two control schemes were developed in Simulink (a simulation environment). Both schemes use observers—software that estimates unmeasured quantities like speed and position from available signals. Simulations with a model of a given motor show that both approaches are effective. Additional tests across different operating conditions highlight one method as performing particularly well. The results demonstrate that both simple and more advanced observers can enable reliable sensorless operation at zero and low speeds for surface-mounted PMSMs, despite their very limited saliency (i.e., little variation in magnetic properties with rotor angle), which typically makes this task difficult.

[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]

PMSM ; Observer ; Sensorless Control ; Open loop ; Low speed

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