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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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Accessible Tourism in Denmark - A Pragmatic Perspective

Author

Term

4. term

Education

Publication year

2018

Pages

64

Abstract

Dette speciale udspringer af en tydelig skævhed: Udbuddet af turismeprodukter designet til mennesker med handicap matcher ikke det store markedspotentiale for tilgængelig turisme. Omkring 15 % af verdens befolkning lever med et handicap, og mange kan og vil gerne rejse, når de får de rette muligheder. Alligevel er deres deltagelse i turisme lav, og sandsynligheden for at rejse falder med handicapets alvor, især fordi det er svært at finde passende produkter og tjenester. Specialet sporer, hvordan diskursen om handicap og tilgængelighed har udviklet sig gennem de sidste 50 år. Det argumenterer for, at en stærk vægt på den sociale model for handicap—som forstår handicap som en socialt skabt ulempe, der opstår i samspillet mellem funktionsnedsættelser og holdningsmæssige eller miljømæssige barrierer—er korreleret med et begrænset fokus på specialiseret produktudvikling målrettet kunder med handicap. Den sociale model har præget WHO's ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health), bidraget til at etablere feltet Disability Studies og dominerer diskursen i FN og EU med direkte betydning for politik, menneskerettigheder og lovgivning om tilgængelighed. På denne baggrund undersøger specialet, hvordan teoretiske modeller i akademiske og politiske debatter påvirker formål og praksis i tilgængelig turisme. Det foreslår et pragmatisk perspektiv, der geninddrager udvalgte indsigter fra den medicinske model: 1) fokusér på den enkelte rejsende og vedkommendes konkrete behov—i forretningsmæssige termer, definér og servér målgruppen tydeligt; og 2) støt individet i bedre at overkomme forhindringer, ikke kun ved at ændre omgivelserne. Specialet hævder, at et skift i teoretisk tilgang kan føre til andre praktiske resultater, og det afsluttes med anbefalinger til virksomheder og forskere i tilgængelig turisme, inspireret af UNWTO's anbefalinger fra 2013.

This thesis starts from a clear gap: the supply of tourism products designed for disabled customers does not match the large market potential of accessible tourism. Roughly 15% of the global population lives with a disability, and many can and want to travel when the right opportunities are available. Yet their participation in tourism remains low, and the likelihood of traveling decreases with the severity of disability, largely because suitable products and services are hard to find. The thesis traces how the discourse on disability and accessibility has evolved over the past 50 years. It argues that a strong emphasis on the social model of disability—understanding disability as a socially created disadvantage arising from the interaction between impairments and attitudinal or environmental barriers—is correlated with a limited focus on specialized product development for disabled customers. The social model has shaped WHO's ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health), helped establish the field of Disability Studies, and dominates the discourse in the United Nations and the European Union, with direct implications for policy, human rights, and accessibility legislation. Against this backdrop, the thesis examines how theoretical models in academic and political debates influence the purpose and practice of accessible tourism. It proposes a pragmatic refresh that reintroduces selected insights from the medical model: 1) focus on the individual traveler and their immediate needs—in business terms, clearly define and serve your target customer; and 2) support individuals to better overcome obstacles, not only change the environment. The thesis contends that changing the theoretical lens can lead to different practical outcomes, and it concludes with recommendations for businesses and researchers in accessible tourism, inspired by UNWTO's 2013 Recommendations on Accessible Tourism.

[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]