A legal account of defects not covered by Danish change-of-ownership insurance, with particular focus on discrepancies in property area, soil contamination, and unauthorized/illegal building structures
Translated title
En redegjørelse for mangler utenfor dansk eierskifteforsikring, med fokus på arealmangler, jordforurensing og ulovlige bygningsinnretninger
Author
Johnsen, Aleksander
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2025
Submitted on
2025-05-15
Abstract
Specialet kortlægger den danske retstilstand for visse mangler, der falder uden for ejerskifteforsikringen, med fokus på arealafvigelser, jordforurening og ulovlige bygningsindretninger. Formålet er at vise, hvordan sådanne forhold identificeres som mangler i ejendomshandler, og hvilke misligholdelsesbeføjelser der kan komme i spil mellem køber og sælger. Arbejdet anvender en retsdogmatisk metode med systematisk analyse af lovgivning, retspraksis og juridisk teori, suppleret af en komparativ tilgang med især norsk ret for at belyse ligheder og forskelle. Indledningsvis afklares centrale begreber som mangelsbegrebet, sælgers oplysningspligt, købers undersøgelsespligt samt reklamations- og forældelsesfrister. Hoveddelene behandler for hver mangeltype det relevante retsgrundlag, kriterierne for at anse forholdet som en mangel, og den praksis, som har formet retstilstanden, herunder hvordan almindelige aftaleretlige principper påvirker fortolkningen af overdragelsesaftaler. Endelig gennemgås de primære retsmidler—forholdsmæssigt afslag, erstatning og ophævelse—med vægt på betingelser og udmåling, som de fremgår af praksis. Specialet tilbyder en samlet og anvendelsesorienteret redegørelse, der kan understøtte vurderingen af tvister om mangler, der ikke er dækket af ejerskifteforsikringen.
This thesis maps the current Danish legal framework for certain defects that fall outside change-of-ownership insurance, focusing on discrepancies in property area, soil contamination, and unauthorized or illegal building works. Its aim is to show how such issues are identified as defects in real estate transactions and which remedies may be available to buyers and sellers. The study applies a doctrinal legal method with systematic analysis of statutes, case law, and legal scholarship, complemented by a comparative perspective—particularly to Norwegian law—to highlight similarities and differences. It begins by clarifying key concepts such as the notion of defect, the seller’s duty to disclose, the buyer’s duty to inspect, and complaint and limitation periods. The main chapters address, for each defect type, the applicable rules, the criteria for qualifying a defect, and the case law that has shaped the state of the law, including how general principles of contract law influence the interpretation of transfer agreements. Finally, it examines the primary remedies—proportional price reduction, damages, and rescission—with attention to conditions and assessment as reflected in practice. The thesis provides a coherent, practice-oriented account to support the evaluation of disputes over defects not covered by the Danish insurance scheme.
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
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