"Trækkerdreng og 'bare dreng' - man behøver jo ikke ligefrem at skilte med det til hvem som helst": En undersøgelse af fortællinger om mandlig prostitution

"Rent boy and 'just a boy' - You Don't Exactly Flaunt it to just Anybody": A Study of Male Prostitution - As told by the Men Themselves

Jakobsen, Dorte Venø

4. semester

Socialt Arbejde, Kandidat

2010

110

Prostitution i Danmark betragtes som et socialt problem, men der findes kun begrænset viden og få indsatser, der specifikt retter sig mod mandlige prostituerede. Dette speciale vil bidrage til forståelsen af denne gruppe. Det bygger på fem kvalitative interviews og en række online-chats med mænd, der sælger sex; alle informanter blev rekrutteret via internettet. For at fremhæve deltagernes egne perspektiver er data bearbejdet fænomenologisk (med fokus på levede erfaringer), og temaerne er udviklet induktivt (så centrale emner opstår ud fra det, informanterne selv betoner). Analysen er hermeneutisk i to dele: først sammenholdes informanternes fortællinger med eksisterende prostitutionsforskning; dernæst diskuteres fundene i lyset af tværfaglige teoretiske perspektiver. Fundene viser, at tre informanter første gang solgte seksuelle ydelser som 12-, 13- og 15-årige. Online-chats indikerer også, at mange mænd, der sælger sex, er meget unge – i flere tilfælde under 15 år. Informanterne beskrev sig som rebelske, både seksuelt og generelt, og angav at dette, sammen med indtjeningen, var en hovedårsag til tidlige eksperimenter med prostitution. Dette står i kontrast til forskning, der peger på, at de fleste debuterer som 18–20-årige. Med alderen blev det sværere for informanterne at få kunder, hvilket til tider betød, at personlige grænser blev kompromitteret. Mange løj om deres alder; nogle af de helt unge løj også over for forskeren. Prostitutionens relation gav alle informanter bekræftelse, enten via pengene eller ved at tilfredsstille en kunde. Samtidig var der ambivalens: mange beskrev kunder som “klamme”, sagde at de ikke brød sig om at prostituere sig, og at de gjorde det for pengene eller som en måde at skade sig selv. Alligevel øgede den modtagne bekræftelse deres selvværd og motiverede dem til at fortsætte. Ingen af informanterne havde fortalt familie eller venner om deres prostitution. Mange sagde, at de lever deres seksualitet ud gennem prostitution, og tre skjuler også deres bi- eller homoseksualitet. Tidligere forskning forbinder ofte et dobbeltliv med isolation og ensomhed, men disse informanter oplevede, at det var uproblematisk at adskille prostitution og privatliv. De siger, at de “vælger” et dobbeltliv for at bevare en normal hverdag. Fire havde store sociale netværk, som ikke er blevet mindre siden deres debut i prostitution, og fire havde en gymnasial eller universitetsuddannelse. Én informant oplevede ensomhed og social isolation som følge af prostitution. Eksisterende forskning antyder, at mandlige prostituerede ofte opretholder sociale relationer til kunder. I denne undersøgelse socialiserede kun én informant med kunder; de øvrige fire beskrev korte møder, der kun handlede om sex. Hvor der var social kontakt, var den baseret på kundens udtrykte behov – ikke den prostitueredes. Dette kan afspejle informanternes evne til at vedligeholde andre sociale netværk. Selvom hemmeligholdelsen ikke medførte sociale problemer for de fleste, oplevede fire informanter følelsesmæssige vanskeligheder – enten i private seksuelle relationer eller i deres generelle følelser over for andre. Kun én informant var både socialt og følelsesmæssigt upåvirket.

In Denmark, prostitution is considered a social problem, yet there is limited knowledge and few services focused on male prostitutes. This thesis aims to add to the understanding of this group. It is based on five qualitative interviews and several online chats with men who sell sex, all recruited via the internet. To foreground participants’ own perspectives, the data were treated phenomenologically (with attention to lived experience), and the themes were developed inductively (letting key topics emerge from what informants emphasized). The analysis is hermeneutical in two parts: first, comparing the informants’ stories with existing prostitution research; second, discussing the findings using cross-disciplinary theoretical perspectives. Findings include that three informants first sold sexual services at ages 12, 13, and 15. Online chats also suggested that many men who sell sex are very young, in several cases under 15. Informants described themselves as rebellious—sexually and generally—and said that this, together with the income, was a main reason to experiment with prostitution at a young age. This contrasts with studies that report most people begin between ages 18 and 20. As informants grew older, they found it harder to attract clients, which sometimes led them to compromise personal boundaries. Many lied about their age; some of the very young informants also lied to the researcher. The prostitution relationship provided feelings of affirmation for all informants, whether through earning money or satisfying a client. At the same time, there was ambivalence: many described clients as “disgusting,” said they did not like prostituting themselves, and did it only for money or as a form of self-harm. Despite this, the affirmation they received increased their self-esteem and motivated them to continue. None of the informants had told family or friends about their prostitution. Many said they lived out their sexuality through prostitution, and three also hid their bi- or homosexuality. Prior research often links living a double life to isolation and loneliness, but these informants reported that separating prostitution from private life was unproblematic for them. They said they 'choose' a double life to preserve normal everyday routines. Four had large social circles that had not diminished since debut in prostitution, and four had a high school or university education. One informant experienced loneliness and social isolation as a consequence of prostitution. Existing research suggests male prostitutes often keep social relationships with clients. In this study, only one informant socialized with clients; the other four described brief interactions focused solely on sex. Where social contact occurred, it was based on the client’s expressed needs, not the prostitute’s. This could reflect the informants’ ability to maintain other social networks. Even though secrecy did not lead to social problems for most, four informants experienced emotional difficulties—either in private sexual relationships or in their general feelings toward others. Only one informant was both socially and emotionally unaffected.

[Dette resumé er genereret ved hjælp af AI]

mandlig prostitution ; Male Prostitution

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