Skabninger af historien eller autonome agenter? - En narrativ undersøgelse af forholdet mellem fortællinger og handlemuligheder i relation til livsstilsændringer blandt personer med type 2 diabetes
Oversat titel
Creations of the history or autonomous individuals? - A narrative study of the relationship between narratives and actions in relation to lifestyle changes among people with type 2 diabetes
Forfatter
Frederiksen, Catrine
Semester
4. semester
Uddannelse
Udgivelsesår
2017
Afleveret
2017-06-29
Antal sider
80
Resumé
Type 2-diabetes rammer et stigende antal mennesker og mere end 250.000 i Danmark lever med diagnosen. Livsstilsændringer er en central del af behandlingen, fordi kost og fysisk aktivitet påvirker blodsukkerkontrollen og dermed risikoen for senkomplikationer som hjerte-kar-sygdom, nyre- og øjenskader. Trods diverse undervisnings- og informationstilbud oplever mange, at ændringer i hverdagen er vanskelige. Dette speciale undersøger, hvordan personer med type 2-diabetes fortæller om deres erfaringer med livsstilsændringer, og hvilken betydning disse fortællinger har for deres handlemuligheder, samt hvilken rolle undervisning spiller. Teoretisk bygger specialet på Jerome Bruners kulturelle psykologi og narrative teori, der forbinder fortællinger med handling. Empirisk er der gennemført tre narrative interviews med personer, der i 2016 deltog i undervisning på Center for Diabetes, København; interviewene er analyseret enkeltvist for at bevare hver fortællings helhed. Analysen viser, at fortællingerne rummer en vekselvirkning mellem det etablerede og det mulige, hvor tidligere erfaringer vurderes som succeser eller fiaskoer og former oplevelsen af, hvad der er inden for rækkevidde. Fortællingerne handler dermed både om fortid og fremtid og påvirker, hvordan den enkelte handler i hverdagen. Undervisningen har betydning, men udbyttet afhænger bl.a. af, hvordan den enkelte fortæller om sig selv og sine erfaringer. Specialet anbefaler øget fokus på individuelle narrativer i støtte til livsstilsændringer for at mindske risikoen for komplikationer.
Type 2 diabetes is increasingly prevalent, and more than 250,000 people in Denmark live with the diagnosis. Lifestyle change is a key part of treatment because diet and physical activity influence glucose control and the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease and damage to kidneys and eyes. Despite education and information offerings, many find everyday changes challenging. This thesis explores how people with type 2 diabetes narrate their experiences with lifestyle changes and how these narratives shape their perceived ability to act on recommended changes, as well as the role of education. The study is grounded in Jerome Bruner’s cultural psychology and narrative theory, which link stories to actions. Empirically, three narrative interviews were conducted with individuals who attended education sessions at the Center for Diabetes, Copenhagen, in 2016; each interview was analyzed separately to preserve the integrity of the narratives. The analysis shows that the stories reflect a dialectic between the established and the possible, where past experiences are evaluated as successes or failures and shape what feels within reach. The narratives thus concern both past and future and influence everyday actions. Education has an effect, but the extent to which it benefits daily life depends, among other factors, on how individuals narrate themselves and their experiences. The thesis recommends greater attention to individual narratives when supporting lifestyle change to reduce the risk of complications.
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