The research question regarding whether the decision of the U.S. not granting China MES is just a “technical” issue in the U.S relations with China or more than that was proposed, at the beginning, with my hypothesis that the issue is more than a technical issue. In order to test this intuitive statement, two sub-questions in terms of why the U.S. still refuses to grant China MES were phrased from legal and FPA perspectives. After methodology and theories presenting, I applied perspectives from the two-level game theory to identify rationales behind the U.S. not granting China MES but did it to Russia and the two types of factors, the economic factors and the ideological factor, were found. Until now, the status of “DS515”, a consultation requested by China related to “price comparison methodologies” with the Government of the U.S. under the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB), is still on-going. But there is no doubt that the hypothesis can be tested in the thesis.