Over the past decades, due to the increase of challenges in coping with environmental problems such as climate change, environmental issues have been an important topic in the international agenda. This thesis approaches environmental issues in a security context, particularly the effects that environmental insecurity have on the populations well being. This thesis analyses the differences between more traditionalists’ approaches and more contemporaneous approaches on security studies. The analysis of environmental security was based on a theoretical framework consisting of theories driving mainly from the Copenhagen and the Welsh Schools of Security Studies. This thesis concludes that there are five main areas that directly influence environmental security such as energy demand; climate change; institutionalization of the environment; insecurity and conflicts and also the perception populations have on environmental security. It also concludes that in order to mitigate climate change effects and assure environmental security, it is necessary to expand the already existing global governance network and direct it towards a greener future, it is also necessary for this network to include the participation of States and civil society as well as cooperation vehicles between the different international relation actors.