The nature of armed conflicts is changing. In 2017 a UN produced report concluded, that since 2011 there has been a major rise in civil wars and of the resolved wars there is a 60% relapse back into war. There are several factors that contribute to this. Civil war can be categorized as an intracommunal conflict. They often take place between different groups in society which previously have been able to get somewhat along together and the outbreak of civil war tarnish that coexistence. Given the violent nature of civil wars the memories of the wrongdoing during and perhaps post-war thus becomes a heavy burden on these communities during the reconstruction or rebuilding of society back to the path of peaceful coexistence. Given the high relapse rate the UN report supports this statement. Through theories of memory and new museology this thesis seeks to understand the complexity of how museums communicate and present history in a society that has previously been subject of a civil war and to understand the role that museums can play in the rebuilding of society. The International Council of Museums will be subject to analysis in this thesis, since they are the primary international non-governmental organization that represents the work of museums and its personnel. The main conclusion is that museums through new museology can mediate between these often-conflicting memories and that museums offers ways for different groups in society to be heard and to have their memories included in the public production of history. These insights can contribute to a greater understanding of how museums can contribute to the reconstruction of society post-civil war.