This thesis examined the drivers and barriers of cleaner technologies in shipping. Considering the complexity, the size, and numerous actors involved in the industry. The study chose to make a relevant case study on ballast water treatment systems focusing on the key drivers and barriers affecting the attractiveness of the technology. With this aim in mind, the study explored the drivers responsible for the development and implementation of ballast water treatment systems. Recognising the need for the development of cost- effective and environmentally friendly technologies which are viable to address environmental issues of ballast water activities, ballast water management regulation was adopted in 2004. Resolutions of the convention provided a benchmark for the development of ballast water treatment systems (BWTS), and as well requiring all new and existing vessels to install this equipment on board. The results of the study indicated that the attractiveness of ballast water treatment systems can be improved if higher priority is given to cleaner technology (eco-innovation) drivers. Theories on innovation and cleaner technology drivers formed the guiding conceptual framework of the study. The study presented some key drivers of cleaner technologies such as regulatory push, market pull, firm strategies and technological drivers. The barriers were also identified as lack of a universal legislation, high cost of equipment development, uncertainty as regards the efficacy of system produced, and low demand of technology from ship-owners. Empirical data was collected for the study through in-depth interviews, document review, websites review and email interviews.
Keywords: Ballast water treatment systems, Eco-innovation, Cleaner technologies drivers, Shipping.
The image used on the cover page of the thesis is taken from; Ballast Water Management Regulations and Challenges;