Physical Performance in Adolescent Academy Female Football Players: The Influence of Biological Maturation

Abstract

Biologisk modning har stor indflydelse på fysisk præstation i sprint, hop og retningsskift blandt drenge fodboldspillere. Formålet med nærværende projekt var at undersøge indflydelsen af biologisk modning, estimeret med procent af estimeret voksenhøjde, på hop, sprint, retningsskift og udholdenheds præstation blandt danske U13-U19 akademi pige fodboldspillere. 125 pigefodboldspillere fra tre forskellige danske fodboldakademier blev rekrutteret. Deltagernes højde, vægt og kronologiske alder og deres forældres højde blev indsamlet til brug i Khamis Roche metoden for at estimere procent af estimeret voksenhøjde. Derudover udførte deltagerne en ’counter movement jump’ (CMJ), 30m sprint med 5m, 10m og 25m split tider, arrowhead højre og venstre samt en yo-yo intermittent recovery 1 (YYIR1) test. Deltagerne blev fordelt i prePHV (n = 17), circaPHV (n = 40) og postPHV (n = 68) baseret på procent af estimeret voksenhøjde. Resultaterne viste at postPHV sprintede hurtigere end prePHV i 10m og 30m sprint, var hurtigere i arrowhead højre end prePHV og hurtigere i arrowhead venstre end circaPHV og prePHV. PostPHV løb også længere i YYIR1 end både circaPHV og postPHV. Ingen forskel mellem grupperne blev observeret i CMJ, 5m og 25m sprint. Konklusionen for nærværende projekt er at biologisk modning har indflydelse på pigefodboldspilleres fysiske præstation i 10m og 30m sprint, retningsskifte og udholdenhed. Derudover kan det også konkluderes, at størrelsen af indflydelsen som biologisk modning har på pigers fysiske præstation, ikke er lige så stor som ved drenge.

Biological maturation has a large impact on the physical performance of adolescent male football players in sprinting, jumping and COD tests. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of biological maturation, estimated by percentage of predicted adult height, on jump, sprint, COD and endurance performance among adolescent Danish U13-U19 female academy football players. 125 adolescent female football players were recruited from three different Danish football academies. The participants’ height, weight, chronological age and their parents’ height were collected for use in the Khamis Roche method to estimate %PAH. Furthermore, the participants performed a CMJ, 30m sprint with recorded 5m, 10m, and 25m split times, arrowhead right and left and a YYIR1 test as physical performance tests. The players were divided into prePHV (n = 17), circaPHV (n = 40) and postPHV (n = 68) based on %PAH. The results showed that postPHV sprinted faster than prePHV in 10m and 30m sprint, were faster than prePHV in arrowhead right and were faster than prePHV and circaPHV in arrowhead left. PostPHV also performed better in YYIR1 than prePHV and circaPHV. No differences were observed in CMJ or 5m and 25m sprint between groups. The conclusion of the present study is that biological maturation might influence 10m and 30m sprint, COD and endurance performance, but not 5m and 25m sprint and jumping, among adolescent Danish U13-U19 female academy football players. Furthermore, this study can conclude that the magnitude of the influence of biological maturation on physical performance is less in females compared to males.

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A master programme thesis from Aalborg University

Physical Performance in Adolescent Academy Female Football Players: The Influence of Biological Maturation

[Fysisk Præstation Blandt Ungdoms Akademi Pigefodboldspillere: Indflydelsen af Biologisk Modning]