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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
Book cover


Navigation for Autonomous Surface Vessels

Authors

;

Term

4. term

Publication year

2020

Submitted on

Pages

72

Abstract

This thesis develops a nonlinear dynamic model, simulations, control, and path planning for an Autonomous Surface Vessel (a self-steering boat). The model is built from Newtonian mechanics and hydrostatics and describes how the vessel moves in water under forces and buoyancy. It was implemented in Simulink and Gazebo (simulation software) to test behavior in simulation. For control, a PID controller was implemented to keep the vessel on course, and the possibility of using Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) control was investigated. For path planning, two methods were implemented: Artificial Potential Fields, which guide the vessel toward the goal while avoiding obstacles, and the State Lattice method, which organizes motion into a set of feasible maneuvers. Measurements from the model were used to constrain the State Lattice so it only finds paths the system can actually follow. This links modeling, control, and planning with an emphasis on routes that are feasible in practice.

Dette speciale omhandler udvikling af en ikke-lineær dynamisk model, simulation, styringssystemer og ruteplanlægning for et autonomt overfladefartøj (en selvsejlende båd). Modellen er opbygget ud fra Newtonsk mekanik og hydrostatik og beskriver, hvordan fartøjet bevæger sig i vand under påvirkning af kræfter og opdrift. Den blev implementeret i Simulink og Gazebo (software til simulation) for at afprøve adfærden. Til styring blev en PID-regulator implementeret for at holde kursen, og muligheden for at bruge Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) styring blev undersøgt. Til ruteplanlægning blev to metoder implementeret: Artificial Potential Fields, som guider mod målet og væk fra forhindringer, og State Lattice, som organiserer bevægelser i et sæt gennemførlige manøvrer. Målinger fra modellen blev brugt til at indskrænke State Lattice, så den kun finder ruter, som systemet faktisk kan følge. Dermed bindes modellering, styring og planlægning sammen med fokus på ruter, der er praktisk gennemførlige.

[This apstract has been rewritten with the help of AI based on the project's original abstract]