Motivation under organisationsforandring. Et speciale om Aktivitetsbaseret Indretnings betydning for motivation

Motivation during Organizational Change. A Thesis on the Influence of Activity-Based Working for Motivation

Jespersgaard, Johan Wahl ; Levring, Christian Bjerring

4. semester

Politik og Administration, Kandidat

2025

91

Specialet undersøger, hvordan en organisationsforandring i form af Aktivitetsbaseret Indretning (ABI) påvirker medarbejdermotivation i Aarhus Kommunes Magistratsafdeling for Teknik og Miljø. Med udgangspunkt i Herzbergs to-faktor-teori, Perry & Wises Public Service Motivation og Weicks sensemaking-tilgang gennemføres kvalitative interviews med ti medarbejdere om deres erfaringer og opfattelser af ABI. Resultaterne peger på generel accept af besparelsespræmissen, men en implementering præget af mangelfuld kommunikation, ukoordinerede processer og hyppige skift i projektledelse, som svækker medarbejdernes sensemaking og forståelse af ABI-konceptet. Reaktionerne er blandede: nogle fremhæver øget fleksibilitet og samarbejdsmuligheder, mens andre beskriver usikkerhed, tab af kontrol og svækkede kollegiale relationer. En begrænset forståelse af ABI betyder, at det i praksis kun i ringe grad integreres i nye arbejdsvaner, og arbejdsgangene forbliver overvejende uændrede. På baggrund af de ti interviews efterlades indtrykket af, at ABI påvirker motivationen mere negativt end positivt. En medarbejder med borgerrettede opgaver oplever særligt forringede arbejdsvilkår, hvilket giver anledning til yderligere forskning i, om borgerorienterede kerneopgaver påvirkes anderledes end ikke-borgerrettede. Specialet bidrager med indblik i motivation under organisationsforandring og peger på, at relationer og arbejdsvilkår spiller en større rolle for motivationen, end to-faktor-teorien tilsiger, hvilket udfordrer dens universelle anvendelighed.

This thesis examines how organizational change in the form of Activity-Based Working (ABW) affects employee motivation in Aarhus Municipality’s Department of Technical Services and Environment. Drawing on Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, Perry and Wise’s Public Service Motivation, and Weick’s sensemaking, the study uses qualitative interviews with ten employees to explore their experiences and perceptions of ABW. The findings indicate acceptance of cost-saving aims but an implementation marked by poor communication, uncoordinated processes, and frequent changes in project leadership that undermine sensemaking and understanding of the ABW concept. Responses are mixed: some value increased flexibility and opportunities for collaboration, while others report uncertainty, loss of control, and weakened workplace relationships. Limited understanding of ABW means it is only weakly incorporated into new work routines, leaving practices largely unchanged. Across the ten interviews, ABW appears to shape motivation more negatively than positively. One employee with citizen-facing tasks experienced notably worsened working conditions, suggesting a need for further research into whether citizen-oriented core tasks are affected differently than non–citizen-oriented work. Overall, the thesis provides insight into motivation during organizational change and suggests that relationships and working conditions play a larger role in motivation than the Two-Factor Theory implies, challenging its universal application.

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